{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T17:43:02Z","timestamp":1787679782508,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686182400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Surg Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Introduction<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This study aims to review the morphological and immunohistochemical features of testicular tumors and compare them with prognostic parameters.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Testicular tumors diagnosed between January 2011 and September 2021 were reviewed. Patient age, tumor subtype, size, spread, lateralization, number of foci, and immunohistochemical results were recorded.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    . A total of 121 tumors were detected, of which 108 (89%) were germ cell tumors (GCTs). Of the germ cell tumors, 70 (65%) were found to be pure type, and 38 (35%) were mixed germ cell tumors. The ratio of pure seminoma among GCTs was 56\/108 (52%). Lymphatic\/vascular invasion (LVI) was detected in 48\/121 (40%), rete testis invasion in 32\/121 (26%), hilar soft tissue invasion in 10\/121 (8%), epididymal invasion in 5\/121 (4%), and spermatic cord invasion in 5\/121 (4%) patients. Lymphatic\/vascular invasion was observed in 6 (22%) of 27 germ cell tumors smaller than 3\u2005cm in size, and rete testis invasion was observed in 2 (7%), while in 40 (55%) of the 73 germ cell tumors of 3\u2005cm and above, lymphatic\/vascular invasion was seen, and 26 (36%) of them had rete testis invasion. Immunohistochemical results contributed significantly to the determination of tumor components and rates, especially in mixed germ cell tumors.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Most of the tumors were germ cell tumors, and the majority were seminomas. Lymphatic\/vascular invasion and rete testis invasion rates increase as the tumor diameter increases, which is more evident when the 3\u2005cm cut-off value is taken into account (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.005).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10668969231180270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T01:50:47Z","timestamp":1686275447000},"page":"331-339","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Histopathological Analysis in Testicular Tumors: 10 Years of Experience"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1202-8735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahriye","family":"K\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seda","family":"Tas Ay\u00e7i\u00e7ek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hac\u0131 Hasan","family":"Esen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume-title":"\u00dcropatoloji","author":"Y\u00f6r\u00fcko\u011flu K","year":"2016","unstructured":"Y\u00f6r\u00fcko\u011flu K, Tuna B, editors. \u00dcropatoloji. Kongre Kitapevi; 2016."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"100","article-title":"Testis t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri: 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k ar\u015fiv tarama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131","volume":"24","author":"Yal\u00e7\u0131nkaya U","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yal\u00e7\u0131nkaya U, \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r B, U\u011fra\u015f N, et al. Testis t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri: 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k ar\u015fiv tarama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131. Turk Patoloji Derg. 2008;24(2):100-106.","journal-title":"Turk Patoloji Derg"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","volume-title":"Rosai and Ackerman\u2019s Surgical Pathology","author":"Goldblum JR","year":"2018","unstructured":"Goldblum JR, Lamps LW, McKenney JK, Myers JL, editors. Rosai and Ackerman\u2019s Surgical Pathology. 11th edition. Elsevier; 2018.","edition":"11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mele T Reid A Huddart R. Recent advances in testicular germ cell tumours [published online ahead of print 2021 Aug 31]. 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