{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T08:30:47Z","timestamp":1787646647627,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Surg Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Introduction.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The difficulty in diagnosis of severe melanocytic lesions is a problem to be overcome in pathological practice. Melanin bleaching is an effective approach to ameliorate melanin disturbances in severely pigmented lesions. Although various methods for improving melanin pigmentation in immunohistochemical staining have been reported, these depigmentation methods still need to be optimized and standardized. In this study, the coloring efficiency of 3,3\u2032-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) after melanin depigmentation was compared under the automatic immunohistochemical staining platform.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The applicability of the optimized depigmentation method was validated in 10 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks of ocular melanoma tissues. Specimens were demelaninized with 10% hydrogen peroxide at 60\u00b0C for immunohistochemical staining (Melan-A and SOX10), and tissue chromogenic staining was performed with DAB and AP detection systems, respectively.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The optimized depigmentation method including immunohistochemistry (IHC) could be completed in 3\u2005h, effectively preserving cell morphology and immunoreactivity. Among these, the color-rendering effect and contrast of AP are better than DAB.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion.<\/jats:italic>\n                    This optimized method can effectively remove melanin and improve the accuracy of IHC staining interpretation. AP staining has better visibility and readability without the interference of residual melanin. The comparison results showed that after melanin depigmentation, the immunohistochemical staining agent was replaced with red AP, which avoided the misjudgment caused by brown DAB when melanin depigmentation was incomplete. This improved method can be applied to future histopathological and immunohistochemical staining of melanin-deposited tissues.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10668969231188892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T02:39:25Z","timestamp":1690857565000},"page":"679-683","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["An Optimized Melanin Depigmentation Method for Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Staining of Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissues"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Chia-Hsing","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1355-6820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu-Jyuan","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital"},{"name":"College of Medicine"},{"name":"Kaohsiung Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheau-Fang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital"},{"name":"College of Medicine"},{"name":"Kaohsiung Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min-Jan","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7840-8725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun-Bow","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital"},{"name":"College of Medicine"},{"name":"Kaohsiung Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"4183","article-title":"Synthesis and physiological implications of melanic pigments","volume":"17","author":"Maranduca MA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maranduca MA, Branisteanu D, Serban DN, et al. Synthesis and physiological implications of melanic pigments. Oncol Lett. 2019;17(5):4183\u20104187.","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2015-202887"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2016.90"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0000000000001042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0b013e31826d81db"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102512"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1369\/0022155410398001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2011.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2018.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4132\/jptm.2016.08.08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0000000000001047"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S333376"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7573\/dic.212281"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.13115"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28801-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09674845.2019.1624083"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0000000000001004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1066896918756998"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Surgical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10668969231188892","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10668969231188892","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10668969231188892","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T08:10:30Z","timestamp":1787645430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10668969231188892"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10668969231188892"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10668969231188892","relation":{},"ISSN":["1066-8969","1940-2465"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1066-8969","type":"print"},{"value":"1940-2465","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]]}}}