{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T12:17:56Z","timestamp":1787833076548,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Surg Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Gastrointestinal Kaposi sarcoma (GI-KS) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is exceedingly rare. Herein, we report 6 biopsy-proven HHV8(+)-GI-KS in IBD patients with a review of the literature. Our patients include 5 men and 1 woman, 26 to 41 (mean\u2009=\u200934) years, 3 Crohn disease, 3 ulcerative colitis (UC), 4 HIV(+), and 2 HIV(\u2212), with 5 of 6 (83%) diagnosed with GI-KS on endoscopic biopsy. Tumor sites included stomach and rectum (2\/6; 33% each), and duodenum and left colon (1\/6; 17% each). In 1 HIV(\u2212) patient, GI-KS was missed on the initial biopsy and identified at total colectomy for \u201crefractory\u201d UC; besides the rectal tumor, the appendix and a lymph node were also involved. Endoscopy showed flat or mass-like lesions (3\/6; 50% each). Histologically, GI-KS shows a classic morphology of spindle cell proliferation in 4 (6\n                    <jats:bold>7<\/jats:bold>\n                    %) and subtle paucicellular variants in 2 (33%) patients. All patients were treated with chemotherapy or surgery, with highly active antiretroviral therapy added for all HIV(+) patients. On follow up (mean\u2009=\u200964.7, median\u2009=\u200955.5, range\u2009=\u20096-162 months), all patients were alive with endoscopic remission (3\/5; 50%), stable or improved IBD, and no disseminated disease. Fifteen patients with HHV8(+) GI-KS were previously reported, with 54% diagnosed only after surgery, suggesting a high false-negative rate on endoscopic biopsy. In conclusion, GI-KS rarely occurs in IBD, appears to have a high risk of being missed on endoscopic biopsy, has a good outcome, and should be considered in patients with \u201crefractory\u201d IBD. Multiple sites of involvement do not portend a worse prognosis. Accurate diagnosis is essential to initiate appropriate therapy, since IBD immunosuppressive regimens may exacerbate GI-KS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10668969251403168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T19:07:05Z","timestamp":1766171225000},"page":"893-904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gastrointestinal Kaposi Sarcoma in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Clinicopathological, Endoscopic, and Follow-Up Study of 6 Patients With Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3695-8192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haider A","family":"Mejbel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Dry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at Los Angeles"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7997879"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.51.6757"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046967"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0016-5107(95)70133-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000461592"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0b013e3182a827d2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31735"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/854146"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.04676.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"3045","article-title":"Colorectal Kaposi's sarcoma in an HIV-negative male in association with ulcerative rectocolitis: a case report","volume":"19","author":"Tedesco M","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tedesco M, Benevolo M, Frezza F, et al. 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