{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T15:13:48Z","timestamp":1788362028496,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Surg Pathol"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lower respiratory tract infections are a major cause of infant mortality, especially in low- and middle-income countries where conventional autopsies are rarely feasible. Minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) offers a practical and acceptable alternative for postmortem diagnosis, yet data on lung histopathological findings from community-based surveillance remain limited. This study aimed to describe lung histopathological findings in infants who underwent MITS within a low-resource community setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A community-based mortality surveillance was conducted from November 2020 to June 2021 within a Health and Demographic Surveillance System catchment area. MITS lung tissues were collected from deceased infants younger than 6 months whose families provided consent. Lung tissue cores were processed and examined histopathologically, with hematoxylin and eosin staining performed as required to identify pathological features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Histopathological abnormalities were evident in 24 specimens, including bacterial\/bronchopneumonia, diffuse alveolar damage, amniotic fluid aspiration, and so on. Two neonatal specimens exhibited bacterial pneumonia, and 2 showed bronchopneumonia without identifiable pathogens. Among stillbirths, 4 specimens demonstrated intra-alveolar squames and keratinous debris consistent with amniotic fluid aspiration. Two infants showed DAD indicative of acute respiratory distress syndrome; 1 specimen had nonspecific interstitial inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MITS proved valuable in identifying diverse lung pathologies in infants, underscoring the major contribution of respiratory disease to infant mortality in low-resource settings. These findings support MITS as a valuable tool for cause-of-death investigation, with larger studies incorporating molecular diagnostics needed to better define disease burden and guide public health action.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10668969261465920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T15:12:06Z","timestamp":1788189126000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spectrum of Lung Histopathology in Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling (MITS) in a Community-Based Infant Mortality Surveillance in a Low- and Middle-Income Country: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Zeeshan","family":"Uddin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raheel","family":"Allana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazia","family":"Ahsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saima","family":"Jamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tia","family":"Paganelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI International, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Normon","family":"Goco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI International, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fauzia Aman","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UT Southwestern Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saad B.","family":"Omer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UT Southwestern Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8253-1777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdul Momin","family":"Kazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed7050064"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-025-05933-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199110000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.27357"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(21)00311-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-10438-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2017-000639"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-023-03088-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0286785"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2333794X20953263"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab827"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","volume-title":"Histopathology of viral infections of the lungPaper presented at: Seminars in diagnostic pathology","author":"Pritt BS","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pritt BS, Aubry MC. Histopathology of viral infections of the lung. Paper presented at: Seminars in diagnostic pathology, 2017."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"2","article-title":"Profile: maternal and child health surveillance system in peri-urban areas of Karachi","volume":"2","author":"Zeb MIM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zeb MIM, Shahid S, Naeem K, et al. Profile: maternal and child health surveillance system in peri-urban areas of Karachi. Pakistan Gates Open Research. 2022;2(2):2.","journal-title":"Pakistan Gates Open Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab488"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-025-02605-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Childhood pneumonia in low-and-middle-income countries: an update","volume":"32","author":"Marangu D","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marangu D, Zar HJ. Childhood pneumonia in low-and-middle-income countries: an update. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2019;32:3\u20139.","journal-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0645-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2016.346"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1719032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0645-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1093526619872617"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10935266241288869"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2350\/12-10-1262-OA.1"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Surgical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10668969261465920","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10668969261465920","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10668969261465920","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T14:24:44Z","timestamp":1788359084000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10668969261465920"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10668969261465920"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10668969261465920","relation":{},"ISSN":["1066-8969","1940-2465"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1066-8969","type":"print"},{"value":"1940-2465","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"article-number":"10668969261465920"}}