{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:51:18Z","timestamp":1792068678015,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Surg Pathol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare neural crest\u2013derived neoplasm typically arising in the craniofacial region. Extracranial involvement, particularly in long bones, is exceedingly uncommon and may pose a diagnostic challenge. We report a 4.5-month-old male infant presenting with a rapidly enlarging forearm mass involving the radius with soft tissue extension. The initial biopsy suggested a malignant round cell tumor of neuroectodermal differentiation. A diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma was considered, based on clinicoradiological impression. The tumor showed poor response to chemotherapy, necessitating an above-elbow amputation. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed a characteristic biphasic tumor composed of small neuroblastic cells and pigmented epithelial cells. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the diagnosis of a MNTI. This extremely rare report highlights the diagnostic pitfalls on limited biopsy and underscores the importance of recognizing biphasic morphology with appropriate immunohistochemical correlation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10668969261483657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T14:53:47Z","timestamp":1791816827000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unveiling the Rarity: Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy in the Forearm\u2014A Diagnostic Challenge"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9855-8743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aradhana Singh","family":"Hada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tata Memorial Hospital"},{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) University, Mumbai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5189-875X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poonam","family":"Panjwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tata Memorial Hospital"},{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) University, Mumbai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3509-4794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bharat","family":"Rekhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tata Memorial Hospital"},{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) University, Mumbai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukta","family":"Ramadwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tata Memorial Hospital"},{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) University, Mumbai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Janu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) University, Mumbai, India"},{"name":"Tata Memorial Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prakash","family":"Nayak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) University, Mumbai, India"},{"name":"Tata Memorial Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) University, Mumbai, India"},{"name":"Tata Memorial Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"165","article-title":"Zur Histogenese und Histologie der Adamantinome und sonstigerkiefergeschw\u00fclste","volume":"64","author":"Krompecher E.","year":"1918","unstructured":"Krompecher E. Zur Histogenese und Histologie der Adamantinome und sonstigerkiefergeschw\u00fclste. Beitr Pathol Anat. 1918;64(2):165\u201397.","journal-title":"Beitr Pathol Anat"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(196602)19:2<196::AID-CNCR2820190210>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2005.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2015.03.061"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2391(92)90369-B"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2016.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2016.05.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02722714"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"13584","article-title":"Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy in the soft tissue of the forearm: report of a case","volume":"8","author":"Ma Y","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ma Y, Zheng J, Yang S, et al. Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy in the soft tissue of the forearm: report of a case. 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