{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:09:18Z","timestamp":1777612158182,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]],"date-time":"2004-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Avascular necrosis of bone such as the talus can lead to collapse and loss of function. To avoid this, early revascularization has been proposed as an important event. Revascularization can occur either by vessel growth directly through the bony surface, or by vessel growth into the periosteum or ligaments with secondary reconnection to the bone. The ability to attract new vessels (angiogenesis) of the bony surface and the connective tissue was compared in an animal model. A talus isograft (all cortical surface, periosteum, and ligaments remaining; n = 11) or a sector of a femoral head isograft (cancellous surface, no connective tissue; n = 12) of adult mice was implanted into dorsal skinfold chambers of mice of the same strain. The implants were observed by intravital microscopy every 12 hours. First indicators of angiogenesis were hemorrhages around the implants (tali: 11 of 11, 72 \u00b1 12 hours; femoral heads: 6 of 12, 84 \u00b1 24 hours). Next, a sudden redness of the transplant indicated marrow hemorrhage (tali: 9 of 11 after 84 \u00b1 36 hours; femoral heads: 10 of 12 after 96 \u00b1 36 hours). Histology showed clear growth of capillaries into the cancellous surface of the femoral heads and possible growth of capillaries into the ligament stumps (tali). However, there was widespread necrosis of the marrow cells indicating failure of recirculation. A cancellous bony surface as well as the soft tissues attached to the bone provided a stimulus to rapid revascularization of the grafts. This model was able to evaluate differing rates of early partial revascularization for various bone surfaces, which may have implications for studying treatment options for certain fracture dislocations (e.g., in the talus).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070402500308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,11]],"date-time":"2017-01-11T12:43:11Z","timestamp":1484138591000},"page":"151-158","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Avascular Talus: Revascularization in an Animal Model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Martin","family":"Weber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Bellwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carsten","family":"Wingenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Hempfing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Leunig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-107110070402500308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678008990763"},{"key":"bibr2-107110070402500308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199701000-00011"},{"key":"bibr3-107110070402500308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197860020-00001"},{"key":"bibr4-107110070402500308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199404000-00009"},{"key":"bibr5-107110070402500308","first-page":"232","volume":"101","author":"De Palma A","year":"1974","journal-title":"Clin. 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