{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:28:37Z","timestamp":1777613317808,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,11]],"date-time":"2013-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1357862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Current mobile phone technology may allow orthopaedic surgeons to make clinical decisions using radiographs viewed on a small mobile device screen. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of interpreting ankle fracture images viewed on a mobile device and a computer monitor, with a hypothesis that the agreement in clinical decision making between the mobile device and computer monitor would be high.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A randomized interobserver and intraobserver reliability study was conducted in which 16 mortise and lateral ankle images representing a severity spectrum of malleolar ankle, plafond, and extra-articular tibial fractures were shown to volunteer orthopaedic surgeons on both an Apple fourth-generation iPod Touch and a 23-inch liquid crystal display (LCD) computer monitor. Participants answered a multiple-choice questionnaire for each image regarding diagnosis, severity, need for higher level imaging, need for acute inpatient versus outpatient management, and plan of treatment. Inter- and intraobserver reliability was assessed by kappa (\u03ba), multirater kappa statistics, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety-three orthopaedic surgeon volunteers completed the study. Excellent intraobserver agreement (\u03ba \u2265 0.8) was found for all variables measured, including diagnosis (median \u03ba = 0.84), need for computed tomography scan (\u03ba = 0.86), need for reduction (\u03ba = 0.82), treatment setting (\u03ba = 0.82), and treatment type (\u03ba = 0.87). Interobserver agreement was consistent between the mobile device and computer screen. Interobserver agreement for the severity assessment had a slightly higher ICC for the mobile device compared with the computer monitor (ICC = 0.83 vs 0.79). Sixty-seven percent (62\/93) said at the completion of the study they were \u201ccompletely\u201d or \u201cvery\u201d comfortable using a mobile device as a primary viewing device for new emergency room, inpatient, or transfer request consults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Strong reliability for radiographic assessment of ankle injuries existed between a 23-inch computer monitor and a handheld mobile device. Further study is warranted to validate the technology to apply to other anatomic locations and imaging modalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level II, diagnostic study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100712466849","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T13:35:21Z","timestamp":1359725721000},"page":"228-233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Reliability and Validity of a Mobile Phone for Radiographic Assessment of Ankle Injuries"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Joshua N.","family":"Tennant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UNC Hospitals, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viswanathan","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jack and Pearl Resnick Campus, Bronx, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas R.","family":"Dirschl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1071100712466849","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2004.08.027"},{"key":"bibr2-1071100712466849","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2009.03.015"},{"key":"bibr3-1071100712466849","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2005.01095.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr4-1071100712466849","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.5070\/D31C0116KJ","volume":"13","author":"Chung P","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"bibr5-1071100712466849","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(97)80071-8"},{"key":"bibr6-1071100712466849","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e3181d35b10"},{"key":"bibr7-1071100712466849","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.2005.00982.x"},{"key":"bibr8-1071100712466849","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration. 2011. 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