{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:17:25Z","timestamp":1777612645904,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,28]],"date-time":"2013-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To reduce the high rate of soft tissue complications in the treatment of displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus, several minimally invasive techniques have been developed. Little evidence exists on the clinical outcome of these techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a study on a cohort of 46 fractures treated by the 3-point distraction technique. In 41 fractures, clinical outcome was available. Fractures were classified according to the Essex-Lopresti and Sanders classifications. The clinical outcome was determined using the 3 most frequently used outcome scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The clinical outcome of our cohort of percutaneous treated intra-articular calcaneal fractures was good to excellent in 69% with the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scale (AOFAS) score. This percentage increases to 100% for tongue type fractures alone but decreases to 52% for joint depression type fractures. Infectious complications occurred in 1 (2.4%) and secondary arthrodesis was needed in 3 fractures (7.3%). The Sanders classification showed no prognostic value. The Essex-Lopresti classification was a strong prognosticator with a median AOFAS score of 92 (interquartile range [IQR], 87.8-97.8) for tongue type fractures and 75 (IQR, 63.0-85.0) for joint depression type fractures ( P &lt; .001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The treatment of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures by the 3-point distraction technique was an acceptable alternative to open surgery and other percutaneous techniques. It had a low amount of infectious complications with comparable outcome to open treatment. The computed tomography-based Essex-Lopresti classification had a strong prognostic value when fractures were treated by the 3-point distraction technique. The results of this study support the use of the 3-point distraction technique, especially in tongue type fractures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100713509804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,28]],"date-time":"2013-10-28T23:12:00Z","timestamp":1383001920000},"page":"156-162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Cohort Study on the Percutaneous Treatment of Displaced Intra-articular Fractures of the Calcaneus"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Stefan W.","family":"de Vroome","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Green Heart Hospital, Gouda, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frits M.","family":"van der Linden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Green Heart Hospital, Gouda, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"bibr1-1071100713509804","first-page":"75","volume":"13","author":"B\u00f6hler L","year":"1931","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"bibr2-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200210000-00001"},{"key":"bibr3-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199072060-00009"},{"key":"bibr4-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2012.0079"},{"key":"bibr5-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199305000-00002","volume":"290","author":"Essex-Lopresti P","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"bibr6-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.00276"},{"key":"bibr7-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199305000-00014","volume":"290","author":"Fernandez DL","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"bibr8-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199906000-00008"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr9-1071100713509804","first-page":"239","volume":"13","author":"Forgon M","year":"1983","journal-title":"Aktuelle Traumatol"},{"key":"bibr10-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-002-0397-4"},{"key":"bibr11-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-6553(05)80201-9"},{"key":"bibr12-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079401500701"},{"key":"bibr13-1071100713509804","volume-title":"Trait\u00e9 des fractures et des luxations","author":"Malgaigne JF","year":"1847"},{"key":"bibr14-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.01475"},{"key":"bibr15-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0964-x"},{"key":"bibr16-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2003.10.006"},{"key":"bibr17-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2009.0229"},{"key":"bibr18-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199206000-00022"},{"key":"bibr19-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199305000-00012"},{"key":"bibr20-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-009-0915-8"},{"key":"bibr21-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-006-1076-z"},{"key":"bibr22-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2008.11.006"},{"key":"bibr23-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.01834"},{"key":"bibr24-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200006000-00011"},{"key":"bibr25-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92877-V"},{"key":"bibr26-1071100713509804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02581879"}],"container-title":["Foot &amp; 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