{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:19:42Z","timestamp":1777612782687,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,12]],"date-time":"2014-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407801600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Talar and calcaneal fractures and their treatment can cause severe postoperative pain. We hypothesized that a continuous peripheral nerve block (CPNB) would reduce pain scores more effectively than systemic analgesics, improve recovery, and lead to reduced length of stay (LOS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over a 3-year period patients undergoing open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of a talar or calcaneal fracture were retrospectively analyzed. Patients received a CPNB catheter preoperatively or intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) postoperatively. Primary endpoint was Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores on postoperative day 1. Secondary endpoints were NRS scores up to day 3, opioid requirement, analgesia-related side effects, intraoperative blood loss, infection, and LOS. Eighty-seven patients were analyzed; 70 with calcaneal fracture, 21 with talar fracture, 4 with both. In all, 40 patients received CPNB, 47 patients PCA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Median NRS scores on day 1 were 1.0 (IQR 3) in the CPNB group and 2.0 (IQR 3) in the PCA group ( ns). Median LOS for patients with CPNB was 5 days (IQR3) and PCA 4 days (IQR 2 ns). Blood loss and incidence of local infections were comparable in both groups. Opioid requirement was significantly increased in the PCA group ( P &lt; .01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant advantages or disadvantages were not seen in either group. However, the PCA group required about 30-fold more opioids compared to the CPNB group on day 1, although that did not lead to an increased number of side effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level III, retrospective comparative series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100714546640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,13]],"date-time":"2014-08-13T02:04:13Z","timestamp":1407895453000},"page":"1116-1121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Comparison of Continuous Nerve Block Versus Patient-Controlled Analgesia for Postoperative Pain and Outcome After Talar and Calcaneal Fractures"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Willem E.","family":"Luiten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Schepers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan S.","family":"Luitse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Carel","family":"Goslings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Hermanides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus F.","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus W.","family":"Hollmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gan","family":"van Samkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1071100714546640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blumenthal S, Borgeat A, Neudorfer C, Additional femoral catheter in combination with popliteal catheter for analgesia after major ankle surgery. Br J Anaesth. 2011;106:387-393. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aeq365","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeq365"},{"key":"bibr2-1071100714546640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borgeat A, Blumenthal S, Lambert M, Theodorou P, Vienne P. The feasibility and complications of the continuous popliteal nerve block: a 1001-case survey. Anesth Analg. 2006;103:229-233. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1213\/01.ane.0000221462.87951.8d.","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000221462.87951.8d"},{"key":"bibr3-1071100714546640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen J, Lesser J, Hadzic A, Resta-Flarer F. The importance of the proximal saphenous nerve block for foot and ankle surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2013;38:372. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1097\/AAP.0b013e318295596a","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0b013e318295596a"},{"key":"bibr4-1071100714546640","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200404000-00001"},{"key":"bibr5-1071100714546640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elliot R, Pearce CJ, Seifert C, Calder JD. Continuous infusion versus single bolus popliteal block following major ankle and hindfoot surgery: a prospective, randomized trial. Foot Ankle Int. 2010;31:1043-1047. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3113\/FAI.2010.1043.","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2010.1043"},{"key":"bibr6-1071100714546640","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2012.0208"},{"key":"bibr7-1071100714546640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gartke K, Portner O, Taljaard M. Neuropathic symptoms following continuous popliteal block after foot and ankle surgery. Foot Ankle Int. 2012;33:267-274. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3113\/FAI.2012.0267.","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2012.0267"},{"key":"bibr8-1071100714546640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goldstein RY, Montero N, Jain SK, Egol KA, Tejwani NC. Efficacy of popliteal block in postoperative pain control after ankle fracture fixation: a prospective randomized study. J Orthop Trauma. 2012;26:557-561. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3182638b25.","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3182638b25"},{"key":"bibr9-1071100714546640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grosser DM, Herr MJ, Claridge RJ, Barker LG. Preoperative lateral popliteal nerve block for intraoperative and postoperative pain control in elective foot and ankle surgery: a prospective analysis. Foot Ankle Int. 2007;28:1271-1275. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3113\/FAI.2007.1271.","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2007.1271"},{"key":"bibr10-1071100714546640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hawker GA, Mian S, Kendzerska T, French M. 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