{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T23:45:44Z","timestamp":1783035944374,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,18]],"date-time":"2014-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Turf toe is a hyperextension injury of the hallux metatarsophalangeal joint that can be difficult to diagnose on physical examination and imaging. Diastasis of the bi- or multipartite sesamoid of the hallux has been implicated as 1 potential radiographic finding of turf toe injury, and when present may require operative management. However, the normal interval for the bi-\/multipartite sesamoid has not yet been established.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 671 foot radiograph series were reviewed in effort to quantify the dominant interval of the bi-\/multipartite sesamoid bone with respect to potential influencing factors including right versus left foot, medial and\/or lateral sesamoid involvement, patient age and gender, and weight versus non-weight-bearing radiograph technique.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of a bi-\/multipartite hallux sesamoid was 14.3% in our population. The dominant sesamoid interval ranged from 0-2 mm, with an average of 0.79 mm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conclude that sesamoid diastasis should be considered, in the appropriate clinical setting, when the sesamoid interval is greater than 2 mm on a routine AP radiograph of the foot.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level III, comparative study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100714552484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,19]],"date-time":"2014-09-19T00:32:42Z","timestamp":1411086762000},"page":"197-202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Epidemiology and Imaging Appearance of the Normal Bi-\/multipartite Hallux Sesamoid Bone"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Favinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack Anthony","family":"Porrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyojeong","family":"Mulcahy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix S.","family":"Chew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael E.","family":"Brage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00132587-200212000-00004"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr2-1071100714552484","first-page":"81","volume":"8","author":"Bowers KD","year":"1976","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"bibr3-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110078600700306"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr4-1071100714552484","first-page":"318","volume":"29","author":"Frankel JP","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Foot Surg"},{"key":"bibr5-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100713514038"},{"key":"bibr6-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2011.0834"},{"key":"bibr7-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2009.12.010"},{"key":"bibr8-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2009.01.001"},{"key":"bibr9-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738110386681"},{"key":"bibr10-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-191805000-00013"},{"key":"bibr11-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079301400405"},{"key":"bibr12-1071100714552484","unstructured":"R Core Team. RStat. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available at: http:\/\/www.R-project.org\/."},{"key":"bibr13-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659001800311"},{"key":"bibr14-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079301400801"},{"key":"bibr15-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2008.09.001"},{"key":"bibr16-1071100714552484","first-page":"256","volume":"151","author":"Scranton PE","year":"1980","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"bibr17-1071100714552484","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100712464953"},{"key":"bibr18-1071100714552484","first-page":"687","volume":"5","author":"Watson TS","year":"2000","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"}],"container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1071100714552484","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1071100714552484","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1071100714552484","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T21:24:14Z","timestamp":1777411454000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1071100714552484"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,18]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1071100714552484"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1071100714552484","relation":{},"ISSN":["1071-1007","1944-7876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1071-1007","type":"print"},{"value":"1944-7876","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,18]]}}}