{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T11:19:16Z","timestamp":1789557556450,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,15]],"date-time":"2020-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589500800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Operative treatment of calcaneal fractures using the extensile lateral approach is associated with high rates of soft tissue complications. In the past years, there has been a trend toward less invasive surgical approaches. Percutaneous and arthroscopically assisted calcaneal osteosynthesis (PACO) combines the advantages of visualization of the posterior facet of the subtalar joint with a minimally invasive approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a follow-up of 25 patients with 26 calcaneal fractures (Sanders II and III), treated with PACO with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. The median age was 44 years (range, 21-72) and the follow-up period 15 months (12-33). Our clinical outcomes were the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOxFQ), the Calcaneus Fracture Scoring System (CFSS), the American Orthopaedic Foot &amp; Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot score, the Short-Form-36 (SF-36), the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and the number of complications. Radiographs on follow-up were obtained to evaluate the reduction of the fractures as well as osteoarthritis of the subtalar joint.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The median MOxFQ score was 26.6 (0-76.6), the CFSS score 85 (26-100), and the AOFAS score 85 (50-100). The VAS pain score was 0 (0-5.7) at rest and 4.1 (0-8.2) during activity. The B\u00f6hler angle improved from a mean (SD) of 3.5 (12.3) degrees preoperatively to 27.7 (10.5) degrees postoperatively. The follow-up radiographs showed subsidence of the fractures and a B\u00f6hler angle of 20.3 (12.9) degrees. There were no wound-healing complications. Two patients had additional surgery with screw removal due to prominent hardware.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results suggest that PACO gives good clinical outcomes and a low risk of complications in selected calcaneal fractures. Prospective long-term studies will be necessary to better document the potential advantages and limitations of this operating technique.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV, retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100720914856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,15]],"date-time":"2020-05-15T16:36:22Z","timestamp":1589560582000},"page":"689-697","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Results After Percutaneous and Arthroscopically Assisted Osteosynthesis of Calcaneal Fractures"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9033-3946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfram","family":"Gr\u00fcn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, \u00d8stfold Hospital, Gr\u00e5lum, Norway"},{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Molund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, \u00d8stfold Hospital, Gr\u00e5lum, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Nilsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, \u00d8stfold Hospital, Gr\u00e5lum, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4173-2748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Are Hauk\u00e5en","family":"St\u00f8dle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1071100720914856","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079801901211"},{"key":"bibr2-1071100720914856","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00759"},{"key":"bibr3-1071100720914856","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2017.12.015"},{"key":"bibr4-1071100720914856","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2015.11.008"},{"key":"bibr5-1071100720914856","first-page":"75","volume":"13","author":"B\u00f6hler L.","year":"1931","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg 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