{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T09:45:21Z","timestamp":1793353521291,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Recommendation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peritalar subluxation represents an important hindfoot component of progressive collapsing foot deformity, which can be associated with a breakdown of the medial longitudinal arch. It results in a complex 3-dimensional deformity with varying degrees of hindfoot valgus, forefoot abduction, and pronation. Loss of peritalar stability allows the talus to rotate and translate on the calcaneal and navicular bone surfaces, typically moving medially and anteriorly, which may result in sinus tarsi and subfibular impingement. The onset of degenerative disease can manifest with stiffening of the subtalar (ST) joint and subsequent fixed and possibly arthritic deformity. While ST joint fusion may permit repositioning and stabilization of the talus on top of the calcaneus, it may not fully correct forefoot abduction and it does not correct forefoot varus. Such varus may be addressed by a talonavicular (TN) fusion or a plantar flexion osteotomy of the first ray, but, if too pronounced, it may be more effectively corrected with a naviculocuneiform (NC) fusion. The NC joint has a curvature in the sagittal plane. Thus, preserving the shape of the joint is the key to permitting plantarflexion correction by rotating the midfoot along the debrided surfaces and to fix it. Intraoperatively, care must be also taken to not overcorrect the talocalcaneal angle in the horizontal plane during the ST fusion (eg, to exceed the external rotation of the talus and inadvertently put the midfoot in a supinated position). Such overcorrection can lead to lateral column overload with persistent lateral midfoot pain and discomfort. A contraindication for an isolated ST fusion may be a rupture of posterior tibial tendon because of the resultant loss of the internal rotation force at the TN joint. In these cases, a flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer is added to the procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level V, consensus, expert opinion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100720950738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T07:17:16Z","timestamp":1598512636000},"page":"1295-1298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Consensus on Indications for Isolated Subtalar Joint Fusion and Naviculocuneiform Fusions for Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Beat","family":"Hintermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kantonspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan T.","family":"Deland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6037-0685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesar","family":"de Cesar Netto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4304-7445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott J.","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2055-9998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey E.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark S.","family":"Myerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce J.","family":"Sangeorzan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Thordarson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lew C.","family":"Schon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA"},{"name":"New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"},{"name":"Georgetown School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199908000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2010.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678509154158"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2014.10.012"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"496","article-title":"Navicular-cuneiform arthrodesis for flat-foot: an end-result study","volume":"19","author":"Butte FL","year":"1937","unstructured":"Butte FL. Navicular-cuneiform arthrodesis for flat-foot: an end-result study. J Bone Joint Surg. 1937;19(2):496-502.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"221","article-title":"Surgical correction of relaxed flatfoot by the Durham flatfoot plasty","volume":"2","author":"Caldwell GD","year":"1953","unstructured":"Caldwell GD. Surgical correction of relaxed flatfoot by the Durham flatfoot plasty. Clin Orthop. 1953;2:221-226.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100716646629"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.19.00073"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.16.01366"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200807000-00005"},{"issue":"181","key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"24","article-title":"Modified Hoke-Miller flatfoot procedure","volume":"1983","author":"Duncan JW","unstructured":"Duncan JW, Lovell WW. Modified Hoke-Miller flatfoot procedure. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1983(181):24-27.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2007.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BTF.0b013e31829f0dde"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000157658.17056.46"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"95","volume-title":"Foot Ankle Int","volume":"32","author":"Haddad SL","year":"2011","unstructured":"Haddad SL, Myerson MS, Younger A, Anderson RB, Davis WH, Manoli AII. Symposium: adult acquired flatfoot deformity. Foot Ankle Int. 2011;32(1):95-111."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079601700410"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"773","article-title":"An operation for the correction of extremely relaxed flat feet","volume":"13","author":"Hoke M","year":"1931","unstructured":"Hoke M. An operation for the correction of extremely relaxed flat feet. J Bone Joint Surg. 1931;13(4):773-783.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2017.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100713475432"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.35B1.75"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2005.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070002100902"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083-7515(03)00048-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083-7515(03)00073-1"},{"issue":"345","key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","first-page":"187","article-title":"Subtalar arthrodesis for posterior tibial tendon dysfunction and pes planus","author":"Kitaoka HB","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kitaoka HB, Patzer GL. Subtalar arthrodesis for posterior tibial tendon dysfunction and pes planus. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1997;345:187-194.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.91B5.21727"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200211000-00015"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","first-page":"84","article-title":"A plastic flat foot operation","volume":"9","author":"Miller OL","year":"1927","unstructured":"Miller OL. A plastic flat foot operation. J Bone Joint Surg. 1927;9(1):84-91.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079501600706"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100714557861"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.97B5.35063"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199309000-00044"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22269"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.49B3.558"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100718800295"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199908000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-013-9173-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/btf.0b013e31815b2081"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070502601006"}],"container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1071100720950738","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1071100720950738","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1071100720950738","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T21:23:38Z","timestamp":1777411418000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1071100720950738"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1071100720950738"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1071100720950738","relation":{},"ISSN":["1071-1007","1944-7876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1071-1007","type":"print"},{"value":"1944-7876","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]}}}