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However, because biplanar radiographs have been the standard method for imaging HV, clinicians primarily developed measurement methods and corrective operations confined to 2 dimensions, medial-lateral and inferior-superior. Recently, as our understanding of HV pathoanatomy has further developed, aided in part by advanced imaging technology, M1 rotation about its axis (\u201caxial rotation\u201d) and its implications for HV deformity and treatment has reemerged. The goal of this review is to summarize M1 rotation in HV from a historical perspective, to present the current understanding of its potential role in the etiology\/pathogenesis of HV, and to summarize relevant imaging and operative considerations with respect to M1 rotation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Level of Evidence: Level III, systematic review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100721997149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T02:06:30Z","timestamp":1616724390000},"page":"510-522","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["First Metatarsal Rotation in Hallux Valgus Deformity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1798-9367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesse","family":"Steadman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake 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