{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T10:16:28Z","timestamp":1780568188192,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although correction of ankle and hindfoot deformity after supramalleolar osteotomy has been investigated extensively, the specific effect on the subtalar joint alignment remains elusive. This can be attributed to the limitations of 2-dimensional measurements, which impede an exact quantification of the 3-dimensional subtalar joint alignment. Therefore, we determined both the ankle, hindfoot, and subtalar joint alignment before and after supramalleolar osteotomy using autogenerated 3-dimensional measurements based on weightbearing CT imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty-nine patients with a mean age of 50.4\u00b110.6 years were retrospectively analyzed in a pre-post study design using weightbearing CT. Inclusion criteria were correction of ankle varus deformity by an opening wedge (n = 22) or dome osteotomy (n = 7). Exclusion criteria consisted of an additional inframalleolar arthrodesis or osteotomy. Corresponding 3-dimensional bone models were reconstructed to compute following autogenerated measurements of the ankle- and hindfoot alignment: tibial anterior surface (TAS), tibiotalar surface (TTS), talar tilt (TT) angle, hindfoot angle (HA). In addition, the talocalcaneal angle (TCA) in the axial (TCA\n                      <jats:sub>ax<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), sagittal (TCA\n                      <jats:sub>sag<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), and coronal (TCA\n                      <jats:sub>cor<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) plane were measured to assess the subtalar joint alignment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The preoperative radiographic parameters of the ankle joint alignment (TAS=88\u00b14 degrees, TTS=82\u00b17 degrees, TT=5.8\u00b14.9 degrees) improved significantly relative to their postoperative equivalents (TAS = 93\u00b15 degrees, TTS = 88\u00b17 degrees, TT=4.2\u00b14.5 degrees;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05). The following radiographic parameters of the hindfoot and subtalar joint alignment improved significantly from preoperatively (8.7\u00b18.9 degrees, TCA\n                      <jats:sub>ax<\/jats:sub>\n                      = 41\u00b110 degrees, TCA\n                      <jats:sub>sag<\/jats:sub>\n                      = 48\u00b110 degrees) to postoperatively (HA=4.5\u00b18.6 degrees, TCA\n                      <jats:sub>ax<\/jats:sub>\n                      = 38\u00b19 degrees, TCA\n                      <jats:sub>sag<\/jats:sub>\n                      = 44\u00b111 degrees;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05). No significant differences could be detected in the coronal plane alignment of the subtalar joint (TCA\n                      <jats:sub>cor<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) pre- compared to postoperatively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; .05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study quantified the 3-dimensional ankle, hindfoot, and subtalar joint alignment after a solitary supramalleolar osteotomy. We found alterations in the subtalar joint alignment, which occurred by 2 to 3 degrees in each anatomic plane. However, before recommendations can be given related to inframalleolar procedures in conjunction to supramalleolar osteotomies, further studies on the variation of subtalar joint alignment change are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10711007221108097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T01:54:04Z","timestamp":1656899644000},"page":"1194-1203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Supramalleolar Osteotomy for Ankle Varus Deformity Alters Subtalar Joint Alignment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8602-100X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arne","family":"Burssens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital of Ghent, Ghent, OVL, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Susdorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0526-3515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Kr\u00e4henb\u00fchl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursina","family":"Peterhans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxa","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0682-1961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexej","family":"Barg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9376-5448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beat","family":"Hintermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199908000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10711007211014171"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070402500514"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2473011421S00093"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100717740330."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2008.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2019.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25126"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2015.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-018-1727-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000001067"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100720938801"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100718773767"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197905000-00008","article-title":"\u201c Normal\u201d talar tilt angle","volume":"140","author":"Cox J","year":"1979","unstructured":"Cox J, Hewes TF. \u201c Normal\u201d talar tilt angle. 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