{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T07:45:24Z","timestamp":1781595924108,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]],"date-time":"2024-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726704000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005790","name":"Thammasat University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TP.2-05-2564"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TP.2-05-2564"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005790","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Because of the unclear pathophysiology and the lack of consensus on the gold standard treatment of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), management requires a multidisciplinary approach, with the use of various treatment modalities. Nonetheless, no studies have ever been conducted to uncover the potential of mecobalamin as a treatment for CRPS type 1. Hence, the aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of mecobalamin on the functional outcomes of patients with CRPS type 1 of the foot and ankle, the total amount of pregabalin ingested, and the duration of pregabalin use in each patient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-seven patients diagnosed with acute CRPS type 1 of the foot and ankle were recruited. Patients were randomly allocated into a control group (23 patients) and a mecobalamin group (24 patients), both receiving similar pain control medications and rehabilitation programs. Three divided doses of mecobalamin 1.5\u2009mg\/d were provided to the mecobalamin group for the first 3\u2009months, whereas a placebo was administered to the control group. Data were collected from the pretreatment period, and from 1, 3, 6, and 12\u2009months following the treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both groups had similar demographics. The mean Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) activities of daily living (ADL) and FAAM-sport scores in the mecobalamin group at 3\u2009months were 74.5\u2009\u00b1\u200917.9 and 56.3\u2009\u00b1\u200922.9, whereas the mean FAAM-ADL and FAAM-sport scores in the placebo group at 3\u2009months were 62.2.5\u2009\u00b1\u200915.2 and 43.4\u2009\u00b1\u200914.9, respectively ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) mental health subscale after 3\u2009months were 83.3\u2009\u00b1\u20099.5 points and 75.8\u2009\u00b1\u200912.6 points in the mecobalamin and placebo group, respectively ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). However, at other time points of assessment (1, 6, and 12\u2009months), the improvement in symptoms was not distinguishable between the 2 groups. Both the amount and duration of total pregabalin required to achieve similar improvements in pain scores were significantly lower in the mecobalamin group than the control group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This small study revealed an improvement of the functional outcomes in patients with CRPS type 1 of the foot and ankle who received mecobalamin instead of a placebo at 3\u2009months that was not sustained at 6 and 12\u2009months. We identified an average 39% total reduction in the amount of total pregabalin used in the mecobalamin group in the first 12\u2009months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10711007241278691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T01:44:03Z","timestamp":1730771043000},"page":"1231-1238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of Mecobalamin on the Functional Outcomes of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1 of the Foot and Ankle"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6123-743X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marut","family":"Arunakul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klong Neung, Pathumthani, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Watcharin","family":"Kohkaeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klong Neung, Pathumthani, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4144-2713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pheemaphol","family":"Samornpitakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6586-7364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Preeyaphan","family":"Arunakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prapasri","family":"Kulalert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9749-362X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krit","family":"Rachayont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klong Neung, Pathumthani, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10711007241278691","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2024.2334398"},{"key":"bibr2-10711007241278691","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.177150"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr3-10711007241278691","first-page":"151","volume":"38","author":"Arslan SA","year":"2013","journal-title":"FABAD J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"bibr4-10711007241278691","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008283"},{"key":"bibr5-10711007241278691","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02267817"},{"key":"bibr6-10711007241278691","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005548"},{"key":"bibr7-10711007241278691","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(88)90020-6"},{"key":"bibr8-10711007241278691","volume":"1","author":"Derry S","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr9-10711007241278691","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193412471021"},{"key":"bibr10-10711007241278691","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.145379"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr11-10711007241278691","volume":"3","author":"Gupta JK","year":"2015","journal-title":"Austin J Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"bibr12-10711007241278691","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.09.031"},{"key":"bibr13-10711007241278691","volume-title":"Vitamin B6 Toxicity","author":"Hemminger A","year":"2023"},{"key":"bibr14-10711007241278691","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200207000-00006"},{"key":"bibr15-10711007241278691","volume-title":"Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) toxicity. 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