{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:22:17Z","timestamp":1777612937893,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1986,8,1]],"date-time":"1986-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":523238400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Arthrodesis is currently the treatment of choice for symptomatic degenerative arthropathy of the ankle. Thirty-seven patients underwent arthrodesis for post-traumatic disorders using either a Hoffmann external fixator or a Calandruccio frame. There was degenerative joint disease in 19 (51%), septic arthritis in 11 (30%), severe comminution in five (14%), and uncontrollable equinus in two (5%). The patients were divided into two groups. Twenty-six (70%) were considered to have sustained high energy open or comminuted injuries and 11 (30%), low energy injuries. Twenty-nine (78%) achieved a radiologic fusion following one operation. Four eventually united with further surgery for a final arthrodesis rate of 89%. In the high energy group 18 of 26 (69%) achieved primary fusion. Four united with additional surgery for a final arthrodesis rate of 85%. Two of these required subsequent amputations and two others, a triple arthrodesis which also failed to control chronic pain. Thus, a total of 18 of the 26 patients (69%) achieved a successful result. Also included in the high energy group were three patients with uncontrolled sepsis who underwent amputation before union occurred and one with a painful non-union. All 11 of the patients (100%) who originally sustained low energy injuries achieved a successful arthrodesis. The most common complication was pin tract infection requiring incision, drainage, and oral antibiotics in 16 patients (43%). None of these progressed to chronic osteomyelitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/107110078600700108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,3]],"date-time":"2013-03-03T03:24:58Z","timestamp":1362281098000},"page":"49-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["External Fixation Arthrodesis of the Ankle Joint Following Trauma"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"John E.","family":"Kenzora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Head, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shelton C.","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident in Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland Hospital."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew R.","family":"Burgess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section Chief of Orthopaedics, Maryland Institute of Emergency Medical Services, Baltimore."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles C.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1986,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-107110078600700108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.30B3.506"},{"key":"bibr2-107110078600700108","first-page":"37","volume":"27","author":"Anderson R.","year":"1945","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg."},{"key":"bibr3-107110078600700108","first-page":"53","volume":"248","author":"Barr J.S.","year":"1953","journal-title":"Indications, operative technique and clinical experience. N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"bibr4-107110078600700108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.33B2.180"},{"key":"bibr5-107110078600700108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196345030-00004"},{"key":"bibr6-107110078600700108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.30B4.619"},{"key":"bibr7-107110078600700108","first-page":"49","volume":"27","author":"Hallock H.","year":"1945","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg."},{"key":"bibr8-107110078600700108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196042080-00002"},{"key":"bibr9-107110078600700108","first-page":"79","volume":"62","author":"Kimberley A.G.","year":"1936","journal-title":"Surg. Gynecol. 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Foot and Ankle Society, 1983."},{"key":"bibr16-107110078600700108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.41B3.524"},{"key":"bibr17-107110078600700108","first-page":"101","volume":"180","author":"Rothacker G.W.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop."},{"key":"bibr18-107110078600700108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198365020-00011"},{"key":"bibr19-107110078600700108","first-page":"53","volume":"51","author":"Thomas F.B.","year":"1969","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg."},{"key":"bibr20-107110078600700108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-198311000-00018"},{"key":"bibr21-107110078600700108","first-page":"93","volume":"118","author":"Verhelst M.P.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin. 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