{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:25:10Z","timestamp":1777613110024,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1988,6,1]],"date-time":"1988-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":581126400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pes planus has been suggested as a factor in the development of bunions in adolescents. This study objectively evaluated the radiographs of 36 adolescents with 66 hallux valgus deformities for the presence of associated flatfeet. The bunion deformity in these adolescents was also characterized. Only 26.6% of these adolescents had an increased intermetatarsal angle and 8.1% an abnormal metatarsus varus angle as compared with the published norms. Measurements of pes planus including talar pitch, calcaneal plantar angle, dorsoplantar talonavicular angle, and lateral talocalcaneal angle showed an incidence of flatfeet in adolescents with bunions that was 8 to 24 times greater than expected.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/107110078800800609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,3]],"date-time":"2013-03-03T03:24:58Z","timestamp":1362281098000},"page":"331-336","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Relationship Between Adolescent Bunions and Flatfeet"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Vicki","family":"Kalen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Florida, Box J-246, JHM Health Center, Gainesville, FL 32610."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allan","family":"Brecher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chief Resident, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Box B-202, 4200 E. 9 Ave., Denver, CO 80262."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1988,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_1","unstructured":"1. Bleck E.E.: Personal communication 1983."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003591575805101103"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_1","first-page":"67","volume-title":"Foot Science","author":"Giannestras N.J.","year":"1976","unstructured":"3. Giannestras N.J.: Flexible valgus flatfoot resulting from naviculocuneiform and talonavicular sag: surgical correction in the adolescent. In Foot Science. Bateman J.E. (ed.), Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders, 1976, pp. 67\u2013105."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_1","first-page":"116","volume-title":"The Foot and Ankle","author":"Giannestras N.J.","year":"1980","unstructured":"4. Giannestras N.J., Smith R.W.: Grice arthrodesis in nonparalytic flexible flat feet. In The Foot and Ankle. Bateman J.E., Trott A.W. (eds.), New York, Thieme-Stratton, 1980, pp. 116\u2013126."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)32235-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.33B3.376"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-194830010-00013"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_1","first-page":"143","volume-title":"The Foot and Ankle","author":"Hoffer M.M.","year":"1980","unstructured":"8. Hoffer M.M., Seaquist J.L.: Surgical correction of hallux valgus in cerebral palsy. In The Foot and Ankle. Bateman J.E., Trott A.W. (eds.), New York, Thieme-Stratton, 1980, pp. 143\u2013147."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.61B2.438270"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31240-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_1","first-page":"58","volume-title":"Hallux Valgus Allied Deformities of the Forefoot and Metatarsalgia","author":"Hohmann G.","year":"1965","unstructured":"11. Hohmann G., Kelikian H.: Hallux Valgus Allied Deformities of the Forefoot and Metatarsalgia. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders, 1965, pp. 58\u201361."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195840010-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.42B4.749"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_1","first-page":"486","volume-title":"Disorders of the Foot","author":"Rose G.K.","year":"1982","unstructured":"14. Rose G.K.: Pes planus. In Disorders of the Foot. Jahss M.H. (ed.), Philadelphia, W. B. 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