{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T22:28:43Z","timestamp":1785364123007,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,12,1]],"date-time":"1995-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":817776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foot Ankle Int."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We examined the effect of cutaneous warming on the transcutaneous oxygen measurement (TcPO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) at standard locations below the knee, on the dorsal foot, on the plantar right great toe, and on the plantar surface under the second metatarsal head of 656 diabetic and 16 nondiabetic subjects. All subjects underwent a directed medical history, physical examination, and neurovascular lower extremity evaluation and assessment of autonomic neuropathy. Associations between autonomic neuropathy and TcPO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    were tested using two-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    An unexpected, statistically significant fall in TcPO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    occurred with cutaneous warming from 37\u00b0C to 44\u00b0C on the plantar great toe surface that did not differ by presence of autonomic neuropathy, or the presence of diabetes (mean change: \u22128.82 mmHg, 95% confidence interval [CI]: \u22127.70 to \u22129.93). The TcPO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    measured at the plantar metatarsal head site also fell with cutaneous warming from 37\u00b0C to 44\u00b0C (mean change: \u22129.67 mmHg, 95% CI: \u22127.75 to \u221211.59). As expected, the TcPO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    increased with cutaneous warming from 37\u00b0C to 44\u00b0C on the dorsal foot site (mean rise:= 35.61 mmHg, 95% CI: 34.18 to 37.04). The mean TcPO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    at any site did not differ by presence of autonomic neuropathy at either 37\u00b0C or 44\u00b0C.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We conclude that cutaneous warming leads to a paradoxical fall in TcPO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    on the plantar foot surface that does not depend on the presence of autonomic neuropathy or diabetes. Caution in interpretation of ambient versus warmed plantar TcPO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    values is recommended.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079501601208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,3]],"date-time":"2013-03-03T03:31:12Z","timestamp":1362281472000},"page":"787-791","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Paradoxical Transcutaneous Oxygen Response to Cutaneous Warming on the Plantar Foot Surface: A Caution for Interpretation of Plantar Foot TcPO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Measurements"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Douglas G.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Service, Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward J.","family":"Boyko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Service, Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessie H.","family":"Ahroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Service, Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria L.","family":"Stensel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Service, Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise R.","family":"Davignon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Service, Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger E.","family":"Pecoraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deceased, December 17, 1991."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-107110079501601208","unstructured":"1. Armitage P., Berry G.: Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 2nd Ed. Oxford, Blackwell Scientific, 1987, pp. 107-416."},{"key":"bibr2-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5863.392"},{"key":"bibr3-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-595X(86)80078-0"},{"key":"bibr4-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1985.59.4.1117"},{"key":"bibr5-107110079501601208","first-page":"418","volume":"159","author":"Matsen F.A.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Surg. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"bibr6-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.18.2.216"},{"key":"bibr7-107110079501601208","first-page":"933","volume":"22","author":"Nelms J.D.","year":"1963","journal-title":"Fed. Proc."},{"key":"bibr8-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.55.4.348"},{"key":"bibr9-107110079501601208","volume-title":"Peripheral vascular disease and diabetes","author":"Palumbo P.J.","year":"1985"},{"key":"bibr10-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.40.10.1305"},{"key":"bibr11-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.13.5.513"},{"key":"bibr12-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-2-97"},{"key":"bibr13-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198668050-00011"},{"key":"bibr14-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.1992.tb01713.x"},{"key":"bibr15-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00400259"},{"key":"bibr16-107110079501601208","unstructured":"16. Wyss C.R., Matsen F.A.III, Simmons C.W., Burgess E.M.: Transcutaneous oxygen tension measurements on limbs of diabetic and non diabetic patients with peripheral vascular disease. Surgery, 95:339-345, 1984."},{"key":"bibr17-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00278747"},{"key":"bibr18-107110079501601208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00278747"}],"container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/107110079501601208","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/107110079501601208","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/107110079501601208","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T21:19:28Z","timestamp":1777411168000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/107110079501601208"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,12]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/107110079501601208"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/107110079501601208","relation":{},"ISSN":["1071-1007","1944-7876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1071-1007","type":"print"},{"value":"1944-7876","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,12]]}}}