{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T17:23:47Z","timestamp":1774027427888,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":731,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Law. Med. Ethics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Emergency declarations are a vital legal authority that can activate funds, personnel, and material and change the legal landscape to aid in the response to a public health threat. Traditionally, declarations have been used against immediate and unforeseen threats such as hurricanes, tornadoes, wildfires, and pandemic influenza. Recently, however, states have used emergency declarations to address public health issues that have existed in communities for months and years and have risk factors such as poverty and substance misuse. Leaders in these states have chosen to use emergency powers that are normally reserved for sudden catastrophes to address these enduring public health issues. This article will explore emergency declarations as a legal mechanism for response; describe recent declarations to address hepatitis A and the opioid overdose epidemic; and seek to answer the question of whether it is appropriate to use emergency powers to address public health issues that are not traditionally the basis for an emergency declaration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1073110519857328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]],"date-time":"2019-07-12T10:12:11Z","timestamp":1562926331000},"page":"95-99","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Emergency Declarations for Public Health Issues: Expanding Our Definition of Emergency"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Gregory","family":"Sunshine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Barrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aubrey Joy","family":"Corcoran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Penn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib8","unstructured":"8. See Haffajee et al., supra note 1"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib19","unstructured":"19. Office of the Governor Doug Ducey, \u201cArizona Opioid Epidemic Act Policy Primer,\u201d available at <https:\/\/azgovernor.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/related-docs\/arizona_opioid_epidemic_act_policy_primer.pdf> (last visited February 22, 2019); Arizona Department of Health Services, \u201cArizona Opioid Emergency Response: June 2017 to June 2018,\u201d available at <https:\/\/www.azdhs.gov\/documents\/prevention\/womens-childrens-health\/injury-prevention\/opioid-prevention\/2017-opioid-emergency-response-report.pdf> (last visited February 22, 2019)"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jlme.12044"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib16","unstructured":"16. Id."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib21","unstructured":"21. Ariz. Rev. Stat. \u00a7\u00a7 36-301(15), 36-303(D), & 36-787"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib27","unstructured":"27. See Arizona Opioid Emergency Response: June 2017 to June 2018, supra note 19."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib25","unstructured":"25. See supra note 20; see also Ariz. Admin. Code R9-10-120"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib3","first-page":"397","article-title":"\u201cThe Case for Streamlining Emergency Declaration Authorities and Adapting Legal Requirements to Ever-Changing Public Health Threats,\u201d","volume":"67","author":"Sunshine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emory Law Journal"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib11","unstructured":"11. See Haffajee et al., supra note 1"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib34","unstructured":"34. Id."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib30","unstructured":"30. See Arizona Opioid Emergency Response: June 2017 to June 2018, supra note 19."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib9","unstructured":"9. Md. Code Ann., Pub. Safety \u00a7 14-3A-01(c)"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib35","unstructured":"35. Ind. Exec. Order No. 15-05 (Mar. 26, 2015); See Ind. Exec. Order No. 17-13, supra note 12; See Rutkow & Vernick, supra note 12."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6743a3"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib6","unstructured":"6. See Haffajee et al., supra note 1"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib29","unstructured":"29. Arizona Opioid Epidemic Act of 2018, S.B. 1001, 53rd Ariz. Leg. Spec. Session 1 (enacted Jan. 26, 2018)."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib36","unstructured":"36. See Haffajee et al., supra note 1."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib20","unstructured":"20. Gov. Doug Ducey, \u201cDeclaration of Emergency and Notification of Enhanced Surveillance Advisory *Opioid Overdose Epidemic*,\u201d June 5, 2017, available at <https:\/\/azgovernor.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/related-docs\/opioid_declaration.pdf> (last visited February 22, 2019)."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1710862"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib31","unstructured":"31. See Haffajee et al., supra note 1"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib2","first-page":"249","article-title":"\u201cPrinciples and Practice of Legal Triage During Public Health Emergencies,\u201d","volume":"64","author":"Hodge","year":"2008","journal-title":"New York University Annual Survey of American Law"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib4","unstructured":"4. See, e.g., Ark. Code Ann. \u00a7 12-75-114; Fla. Stat. Ann. \u00a7 252.37(2)."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib28","unstructured":"28. See supra note 20"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib22","unstructured":"22. See supra note 20"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib17","unstructured":"17. Id."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib15","unstructured":"15. Id."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib24","unstructured":"24. While an emergency declaration is not required to issue an enhanced surveillance advisory, consultation with the ADHS director must occur. Ariz. Rev. Stat. \u00a7 36-782(A)."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib10","unstructured":"10. Colo. Rev. Stat. Ann. \u00a7 24-33.5-703"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib26","unstructured":"26. See supra note 20."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib32","unstructured":"32. Id"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib5","unstructured":"5. See Hodge and Anderson, supra note 2"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1406167"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib33","unstructured":"33. Id"},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib23","unstructured":"23. Id."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib14","unstructured":"14. Gov. Edmund Brown Jr., Cal. Proc. (Oct. 13, 2017), available at <https:\/\/www.ca.gov\/archive\/gov39\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/10.13.17_Hepatitis_A_Emergency_Proclamation_-_Attested.pdf> (last visited May 6, 2019)."},{"key":"S1073110500024438_bib13","unstructured":"13. County of San Diego, Hepatitis A Outbreak: After Action Report, at E-1, available at <https:\/\/www.sandiegocounty.gov\/content\/dam\/sdc\/cosd\/SanDiegoHepatitisAOutbreak-2017-18-AfterActionReport.pdf> (last visited February 22, 2019)."}],"container-title":["Journal of Law, Medicine &amp; Ethics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1073110519857328","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1073110519857328","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1073110500024438","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T13:47:53Z","timestamp":1610632073000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1073110500024438\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},"alternative-id":["S1073110500024438"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073110519857328","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-1105","1748-720X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-1105","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-720X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}}}