{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T13:58:30Z","timestamp":1780581510506,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]],"date-time":"2021-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611705600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":392,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Law. Med. Ethics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Involuntary civil commitment (ICC) to treatment for opioid use disorder\n                        (OUD) prevents imminent overdose, but also restricts autonomy and raises\n                        other ethical concerns. Using the Kass Public Health Ethics Framework, we\n                        identified ICC benefits and harms. Benefits include: protection of\n                        vulnerable, underserved patients; reduced legal consequences; resources for\n                        families; and \u201con-demand\u201d treatment access. Harms include: stigmatizing and\n                        punitive experiences; heightened family conflict and social isolation;\n                        eroded patient self-determination; limited or no provision of OUD\n                        medications; and long-term overdose risk. To use ICC ethically, it should be\n                        recognized as comprising vulnerable patients worthy of added protections; be\n                        a last resort option; utilize consensual, humanizing processes; provide\n                        medications and other evidence-based-treatment; integrate with existing\n                        healthcare systems; and demonstrate effective outcomes before diffusion. ICC\n                        to OUD treatment carries significant potential harms that, if unaddressed,\n                        may outweigh its benefits. Findings can inform innovations for ensuring that\n                        ICC is used in an ethically responsible way.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1073110520979382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T21:52:52Z","timestamp":1611870772000},"page":"718-734","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Perceived Benefits and Harms of Involuntary Civil Commitment for Opioid\n                        Use Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Evans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calla","family":"Harrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Roose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Lemere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr14-1073110520979382","first-page":"44","volume-title":"Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques","author":"Strauss","year":"1990"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr5-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073110518782943"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr3-1073110520979382","first-page":"1","article-title":"\u201cMortality in the United States, 2016,\u201d","author":"Kochanek","year":"2017","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr26-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-012-2077-6","article-title":"\u201cShared Decision Making: A Model for Clinical Practice,\u201d","volume":"27","author":"Elwyn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr28-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(99)00350-0"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr19-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00981389.2012.699023"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr18-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCM.0000000000000070"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr15-1073110520979382","unstructured":"15. See Bhalla, supra note 5."},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr6-1073110520979382","unstructured":"6. See A. A. Cavaiola supra note\n                            5."},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr2-1073110520979382","first-page":"1","article-title":"\u201cDrug Overdose Deaths in the United States, 1999-2016,\u201d","author":"Hedegaard","year":"2017","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr20-1073110520979382","unstructured":"20. See Owen, supra note 19."},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr23-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13238"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr9-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201800066"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr16-1073110520979382","unstructured":"16. Ahrens, L. , \u201cTreatment Not Jails,\u201d Daily\n                            Hampshire Gazette, August 18, 2019, available at\n                            <https:\/\/www.gazettenet.com\/Guest-column-Lois-Ahrens-27779474>\n                            (last viewed November 12, 2019)."},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr27-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104973200129118660"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr12-1073110520979382","unstructured":"12. Anderson, A. , (2017). Involuntary Civil\n                            Commitment and Sobriety. Retrieved from Sophia, the St. Catherine\n                            University repository website, available at\n                            <https:\/\/sophia.stkate.edu\/msw_papers\/703> (last visited October\n                            2, 2020); See Christopher, supra note 9."},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr21-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2019.08.002"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr22-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.03140.x"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr11-1073110520979382","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches","author":"Creswell","year":"2018"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr25-1073110520979382","unstructured":"25. See Bhalla, supra note 5."},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr1-1073110520979382","unstructured":"1. U.S. White House, \u201cRemarks by President Trump on\n                            Combatting Drug Demand and the Opioid Crisis,\u201d Press release, October\n                            26, 2017, available at\n                            <https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/briefings-statements\/remarks-president-trump-combatting-drug-demand-opioid-crisis\/>\n                            (last visited November 12, 2019)."},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr30-1073110520979382","unstructured":"30. See Christopher, supra note\n                            9."},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr10-1073110520979382","unstructured":"10. See Formica, supra note\n                            4."},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr13-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-720X.2002.tb00384.x"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr8-1073110520979382","unstructured":"8. See Bhalla, supra note 5."},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr7-1073110520979382","unstructured":"7. See Formica, supra note 4; see Cavaiola, supra\n                            note 5; Vestal, C. , \u201cSupport Grows For Civil Commitment of Opioid\n                            Users,\u201d Pew Charitable Trust, June 15, 2017, available at\n                            <http:\/\/www.pewtrusts.org\/en\/research-and-analysis\/blogs\/state-line\/2017\/06\/15\/support-grows-for-civil-commitment-of-opioid-users>\n                            (last viewed November 12, 2019); Becker, D. , \u201cSection 35 Panel\n                            Recommends Mass. End Civil Commitments to Prisons, Jails,\u201d WBUR, July 9,\n                            2019, available at\n                            <https:\/\/www.wbur.org\/commonhealth\/2019\/07\/09\/state-section-35-panel-final-recommendations>\n                            (last visited December 9, 2019)."},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr29-1073110520979382","unstructured":"29. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, \u201cGovernor\u2019s\n                            Working Group on Opioids Update,\u201d available at\n                            <https:\/\/www.mass.gov\/files\/documents\/2017\/11\/15\/2017-annual-update-action-items-gov-working-group.pdf>\n                            (last visited Nov. 15, 2019)."},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr4-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2018.01.001"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr17-1073110520979382","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2012.0089"},{"key":"S1073110500026930_bibr24-1073110520979382","first-page":"Cd002207","article-title":"\u201cBuprenorphine Maintenance Versus Placebo or Methadone Maintenance for Opioid Dependence,\u201d","volume":"2","author":"Mattick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Law, Medicine &amp; Ethics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1073110500026930","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T22:08:15Z","timestamp":1611871695000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1073110500026930\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"alternative-id":["S1073110500026930"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073110520979382","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-1105","1748-720X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-1105","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-720X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}