{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T20:44:17Z","timestamp":1790196257467,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,12]],"date-time":"2014-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1399852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Assessment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Background. The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits is a self- and other report questionnaire of callous-unemotional behaviors that is increasingly widely used in research and clinical settings. Nonetheless, questions about the factor structure and validity of scales remain. Method. This study provided the first large-scale ( N = 1,078) investigation of the parent report version of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in a community sample of school-age (first-grade) children. Results. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a two-factor model that distinguished empathic-prosocial (EP) from callous-unemotional (CU) behaviors provided the best fit to the data. EP and CU were moderately to strongly correlated with each other (\u03d5 = \u2212.67, p &lt; .001) and with oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder (ODD\/CD) behaviors (\u03d5\n                    <jats:sub>ODD\/CD, EP<\/jats:sub>\n                    = \u2212.55; \u03d5\n                    <jats:sub>ODD\/CD, CU<\/jats:sub>\n                    = .71, ps &lt; .001). Individual differences in EP and CU behaviors explained unique variation, beyond that attributable to ODD\/CD behaviors, in peer-, teacher-, and parent relationship quality. Moreover, whereas EP moderated the effects of ODD\/CD in the prediction of student\u2013teacher relationship quality, CU moderated the effects of ODD\/CD in the prediction of peer and parent relationship quality. Conclusions. Results are discussed with respect to the use of the ICU with school-age children.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191114534886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,13]],"date-time":"2014-05-13T01:56:23Z","timestamp":1399946183000},"page":"76-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["An Examination of the Parent Report Version of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in a Community Sample of First-Grade Children"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Michael T.","family":"Willoughby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. 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