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Existing measures, such as the Sussex\u2013Oxford Compassion Scales for the Self (SOCS-S) and Others (SOCS-O), are comprehensive but lengthy. This study derived 5-item short forms of each scale (Brief SOCS-S and Brief SOCS-O) based on the original SOCS item loadings and theoretical representation of the five compassion components, preserving construct coverage while reducing burden. The scales were examined across students (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009268), the general population (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200943,999), and NHS staff (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091,569). Both measures showed acceptable internal consistency, moderate-to-good test\u2013retest reliability, adequate one-factor structure, and broad support for measurement invariance across gender and age groups in the general population. Some confirmatory factor analysis models showed slightly elevated root mean square error of approximation values, and the Universality item had weaker loadings and ceiling effects in both scales. However, total-score ceiling effects were absent in the Brief SOCS-S and minimal in the Brief SOCS-O. Overall, the Brief SOCS scales provide concise, theoretically grounded, and psychometrically adequate assessments of compassion when brevity and reduced respondent burden are priorities.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10731911261475801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:17:39Z","timestamp":1787242659000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and Validation of the Brief Sussex\u2013Oxford Compassion Scales"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1822-0754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryad","family":"Chems-Maarif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sussex, Brighton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Cavanagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sussex, Brighton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Baer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sussex, Brighton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2404-9421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Cullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sussex, Brighton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sussex, Brighton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0303-763X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Strauss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sussex, Brighton, UK"},{"name":"Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Hove, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baer R. 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