{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T17:36:20Z","timestamp":1777484180477,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["IS-BRC-1215-20006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IS-BRC-1215-20006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is having major effects on cancer research, including major reductions in participant accrual to cancer clinical trials. Existing research has indicated that these steep drops in accrual rates to cancer clinical trials may be disproportionately affecting women. We sought to determine if there were gender differences in a dataset collected to examine participants\u2019 concerns about taking part in cancer research during the pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 5-19 June 2020, we distributed a fully anonymized survey via social media. We contacted 85 UK cancer patient organizations\/charities and asked them to share our questionnaire on their platforms, of which 26 obliged. Patients aged 18 with a cancer diagnosis were eligible to participate and asked about their clinical and demographic characteristics, concerns about research participation given the COVID-19 pandemic, anxiety levels measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale, amongst other questions. Anxiety levels and concerns about participating were compared between men and women using univariate and multivariate analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      93 individuals, comprising n = 37 women and n = 56 men of various cancer types, provided survey responses. Independent t-tests showed that women reported higher anxiety scores, and concerns about participating in cancer research during COVID-19, than men. Linear regression analyses showed that anxiety scores predicted concerns about research participation in women but not men (p\n                      <jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\n                      = 0.002).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cancer patients have concerns about participating in research during the COVID-19 pandemic that range from mild to serious. Furthermore, the relationship between general anxiety and concerns about research participation may be both more relevant and more pronounced in women than in men. Future work should examine the reasons why women are less likely to enrol in cancer trials during the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1073274821989315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T21:33:31Z","timestamp":1611610411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Gender Differences in Concerns About Participating in Cancer Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8280-1797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louis","family":"Fox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harriet","family":"Wylie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fee","family":"Cahill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Haire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saran","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joyce","family":"Kibaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Hartley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecancer, Bristol, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cancer Policy, King's College London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7317-0858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mieke","family":"Van Hemelrijck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Oncology and Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2020.02.034"},{"key":"bibr2-1073274821989315","unstructured":"Worldometer. Coronavirus update (Live). Published 2020. Updated June 16, 2020. Accessed June 16, 2020. https:\/\/www.worldometers.info\/coronavirus\/"},{"key":"bibr3-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000323"},{"key":"bibr4-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30243-6"},{"key":"bibr5-1073274821989315","author":"Lai AG","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"bibr6-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30217-5"},{"key":"bibr7-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-1133"},{"key":"bibr8-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-020-0362-6"},{"key":"bibr9-1073274821989315","unstructured":"UK Medicines and Healthcare Regulatory Agency (MHRA). Managing clinical trials during coronavirus (COVID-19). Published 2020. Updated May 21, 2020. Accessed June 17, 2020. https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/guidance\/managing-clinical-trials-during-coronavirus-covid-19"},{"key":"bibr10-1073274821989315","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). FDA Guidance on Conduct of Clinical Trials of Medical Products During COVID-19 Public Health Emergency: Guidance for Industry, Investigators, and Institutional Review Boards. Published 2020. Updated December 4, 2020. Accessed June 19, 2020. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/136238\/download"},{"key":"bibr11-1073274821989315","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency (EMA). Guidance to sponsors on how to manage clinical trials during the COVID-19 pandemic. Published 2020. Updated March 20, 2020. Accessed June 19, 2020. https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/press-release\/guidance-sponsors-how-manage-clinical-trials-during-covid-19-pandemic_en.pdf"},{"key":"bibr12-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00926"},{"key":"bibr13-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2020.102972"},{"key":"bibr14-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2020.102047"},{"key":"bibr15-1073274821989315","unstructured":"Cancer Research UK. COVID-19: keeping patients on cancer clinical trials. Published 2020. Updated June 15, 2020. Accessed June 22, 2020. https:\/\/scienceblog.cancerresearchuk.org\/2020\/06\/15\/covid-19-keeping-patients-on-cancer-clinical-trials\/"},{"key":"bibr16-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.10651"},{"key":"bibr17-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fox L, Wylie H, Cahill F, et al. C-CRES: COVID-19 and cancer research engagement study. Paper presented at: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Quality Care Symposium, October 9\u201310, 2020.","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2020.38.29_suppl.182"},{"key":"bibr18-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092"},{"key":"bibr19-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680710000102"},{"key":"bibr20-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3563507"},{"key":"bibr21-1073274821989315","author":"Gerhold L","journal-title":"PsyArXiv"},{"key":"bibr22-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1198"},{"key":"bibr23-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000317"},{"key":"bibr24-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102076"},{"key":"bibr25-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu D, Ren Y, Yan F, et al. Psychological impact and predisposing factors of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on general public in China (3\/7\/2020). Published 2020. https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=3551415.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3551415"},{"key":"bibr26-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2020.1746817"},{"key":"bibr27-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-020-01541-4"},{"key":"bibr28-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.05.003"},{"key":"bibr29-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(94)00039-5"},{"key":"bibr30-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(95)00022-P"},{"key":"bibr31-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/27.5.616"},{"key":"bibr32-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2020.52.2.154"},{"key":"bibr33-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Unger JM, Hershman DL, Till C, et al. \u201cWhen offered to participate\u201d: a systematic review and meta-analysis of patient agreement to participate in cancer clinical trials. Paper presented at: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Quality Care Symposium; October 9\u201310, 2020.","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2020.38.29_suppl.92"},{"key":"bibr34-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(20)30123-X"},{"key":"bibr35-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-20-1914"},{"key":"bibr36-1073274821989315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.578888"},{"key":"bibr37-1073274821989315","unstructured":"UK Office for National Statistics (ONS). Updating ethnic contrasts in deaths involving the coronavirus (COVID-19), England and Wales: deaths occurring 2 March to 28 July 2020. 2020."}],"container-title":["Cancer Control"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1073274821989315","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1073274821989315","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1073274821989315","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:22:22Z","timestamp":1777386142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1073274821989315"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1073274821989315"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073274821989315","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-2748","1526-2359"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-2748","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-2359","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"article-number":"1073274821989315"}}