{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T17:39:35Z","timestamp":1777484375155,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]],"date-time":"2022-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666224000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["8177060452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8177060452"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004829","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YF0500717SN"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YF0500717SN"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004829","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFS0117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFS0117"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim was to evaluate the causes of death for patients with localized, regional and metastatic penile cancer (PeCa) after diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PeCa patients diagnosed during 2004-2018 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program database were identified. Causes of deaths including PeCa, second malignant tumors (SMTs) and non-tumor diseases were analyzed, as well as the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of each cause.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For localized PeCa, 800 of 2155 patients died during the follow-up. 24.9% of all deaths were due to PeCa. 18.0% and 57.1% deaths were due to SMTs and non-tumor causes. Main SMTs included cancers of lung and bronchus (n = 40) and skin (n = 11) with significantly increased SMRs of 1.71 (1.22-2.33) and 4.82 (2.41-8.63). Mortality risks of other SMTs were mostly similar with the general populations. Main causes of non-tumor diseases included diseases of heart [n = 172, SMR: 1.66 (1.42-1.93)], COPD and allied cond [n = 38, SMR: 1.63 (1.15-2.24)], and cerebrovascular diseases [n = 33, SMR: 1.71 (1.17-2.4)]. For regional PeCa, 679 of 1310 patients died including 43.5% PeCa, 14.8% SMTs and 26.6% non-tumor causes. The mortality risks of cancers from lung and bronchus [SMR: 2.41 (1.53-3.62)], skin [SMR: 6.41 (2.35-13.95)] and testis [SMR: 149.35 (18.09-539.5)] were significantly increased. Main non-tumor causes of death included diseases of heart [n = 71, SMR: 1.77 (1.38-2.23)], COPD and allied cond [n = 17, SMR: 1.85 (1.08-2.95)] and diabetes mellitus [n = 16, SMR: 3.62 (2.07-5.88)]. For distant diseases, 109 of 132 patients died including 76 (69.7%) died for PeCa itself, 24 (22.0%) died for SMTs and 9 (8.3%) died for non-tumor diseases. The majority of PeCa deaths (67.1%) and SMTs deaths (79.2%) occurred within 1\u00a0year after the diagnosis of PeCa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We firstly analyzed the SMTs and non-tumor causes of death and morality risks of each cause for PeCa patients, which provided valuable information for PeCa patients on disease prevention and health care during their survivorship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10732748221134789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T02:26:12Z","timestamp":1666319172000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Second Malignant Tumors and Non-Tumor Causes of Death for Patients With Penile Cancer During Their Survivorship"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Pan","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Institution of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"},{"name":"Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaotian","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luchen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Institution of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Institution of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenghuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Institution of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Institution of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junhao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Institution of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medical, Medical Affairs Division, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0343-8254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiang","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Institution of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 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