{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T10:00:12Z","timestamp":1794045612756,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute"},{"name":"NCI designated Comprehensive Cancer Center","award":["P30-CA076292"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-CA076292"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary cutaneous leiomyosarcoma (cLMS), a rare, typically intradermal tumor, has previously been reported to exhibit an indolent course of disease with zero-to-low risk of local recurrence or distant metastasis. This study seeks to evaluate recurrence and survival of cLMS patients through study of its clinicopathologic and treatment characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All patients included underwent resection of primary cLMS at this institution between 2006 and 2019. A retrospective cohort study analysis of clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment, recurrence, and overall survival was performed. Data was assessed through descriptive statistics and outcome measures assessed by Cox proportional models and log-rank tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty-eight patients with cLMS were evaluated. The majority were men (n = 68, 77%) and Caucasian (n = 85, 97%), with median age at diagnosis of 66\u00a0years (range 20\u201396). 65% of tumors were located on the extremities, with a median size of 1.3\u00a0cm (range .3\u201315). Assessment revealed low (n = 41, 47%), intermediate (n = 29, 33%), and high (n = 18, 20%) grade tumors, demonstrating extension into subcutaneous tissue in 38\/60 (60%), with 3 patients exhibiting extension into muscle (3%). All underwent resection as primary treatment with median 1\u00a0cm margins (range .5\u20132). With median follow-up of 27.5\u00a0months (IQR 8\u201351; range 1\u2013131), no low-grade cases had recurrence or death while there was a recurrence rate of 19.1% (9\/47) and death rate of 8.5% (4\/47) in intermediate- to high-grade cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary tumor resection of cLMS provides excellent local control for low-grade tumors as no low-grade cases experienced recurrence. For patients with intermediate- to high-grade tumors, there is potential for local recurrence, distant metastasis, and death, and therefore surveillance following treatment is encouraged.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10732748231206957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T01:26:35Z","timestamp":1698197195000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Grade of Primary Cutaneous Leiomyosarcoma Dictates Risk for Metastatic Spread and Disease-Specific Mortality"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6233-4004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Carr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sarcoma, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Cutaneous Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Department of General Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William A.","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle M.","family":"Dugan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sarcoma, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Cutaneous Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syeda M. H.","family":"Naqvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youngchul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane L.","family":"Messina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cutaneous Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo J.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sarcoma, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Cutaneous Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan S.","family":"Zager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sarcoma, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Cutaneous Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Mullinax","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sarcoma, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10732748231206957","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(195807\/08)11:4<844::aid-cncr2820110425>3.0.co;2-a"},{"key":"bibr2-10732748231206957","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23571"},{"key":"bibr3-10732748231206957","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14705"},{"key":"bibr4-10732748231206957","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.currproblcancer.2015.07.006"},{"key":"bibr5-10732748231206957","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010515)91:10<1914::aid-cncr1214>3.0.co;2-3"},{"key":"bibr6-10732748231206957","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21388"},{"key":"bibr7-10732748231206957","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31820e6093"},{"key":"bibr8-10732748231206957","volume-title":"Enzinger and Weiss\u2019s Soft Tissue Tumors. 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