{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T10:31:11Z","timestamp":1788517871025,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immune therapy, especially involving PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitors, has shown promise as a therapeutic option for cholangiocarcinoma. However, limited studies have evaluated survival outcomes in cholangiocarcinoma patients treated with immune therapy. This study aims to develop a predictive model to evaluate the survival benefits of immune therapy in patients with cholangiocarcinoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective analysis included 120 cholangiocarcinoma patients from Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with survival following immune therapy. A predictive model was constructed and validated using calibration curves (CC), decision curve analysis (DCA), concordance index (C-index), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cox regression analysis identified several factors as potential predictors of survival post-immune therapy in cholangiocarcinoma: treatment cycle (&lt;6 vs \u2265 6\u00a0months, 95% CI: 0.119-0.586, P = 0.001), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR &lt;3.08 vs \u2265 3.08, 95% CI: 1.864-9.624, P = 0.001), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA &lt;4.13 vs \u2265 4.13, 95% CI: 1.175-5.321, P = 0.017), and presence of bone metastasis (95% CI: 1.306-6.848, P = 0.010). The nomogram model achieved good predictive accuracy with a C-index of 0.811. CC indicated strong concordance between the predicted and observed outcomes. Multi-timepoint ROC curves at 1, 2, and 3\u00a0years validated the model\u2019s performance (1-year AUC: 0.906, 2-year AUC: 0.832, 3-year AUC: 0.822). The multi-timepoint DCA curves also demonstrated a higher net benefit compared to extreme curves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The nomogram model, incorporating key risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma patients post-immune therapy, demonstrates robust predictive accuracy for survival outcomes, offering the potential for improved clinical decision-making.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10732748241305237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T19:35:08Z","timestamp":1733427308000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Nomogram for Predicting Survival Post-Immune Therapy in Cholangiocarcinoma Based on Inflammatory Biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8014-529X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianan","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Mou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yibin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-0310-z"},{"key":"bibr2-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.12.010"},{"key":"bibr3-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2021.1890031"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr4-10732748241305237","first-page":"727","volume":"10","author":"Han Y","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res"},{"key":"bibr5-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073274820948047"},{"key":"bibr6-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00727-4"},{"key":"bibr7-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-023-03466-8"},{"key":"bibr8-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1204486"},{"key":"bibr9-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6639366"},{"key":"bibr10-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/imt-2017-0042"},{"key":"bibr11-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605231173556"},{"key":"bibr12-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12162098"},{"key":"bibr13-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1321813"},{"key":"bibr14-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-018-0864-3"},{"key":"bibr15-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-0078"},{"key":"bibr16-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02437-2"},{"key":"bibr17-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00095-5"},{"key":"bibr18-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1146898"},{"key":"bibr19-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31046-2"},{"key":"bibr20-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116659"},{"key":"bibr21-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-24-0657"},{"key":"bibr22-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.92698"},{"key":"bibr23-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.954992"},{"key":"bibr24-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.844142"},{"key":"bibr25-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-024-12819-0"},{"key":"bibr26-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12040844"},{"issue":"7","key":"bibr27-10732748241305237","first-page":"e65003","volume":"16","author":"Delikta\u015f Onur \u0130","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"bibr28-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000001924"},{"key":"bibr29-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-023-03366-x"},{"key":"bibr30-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2022.1039121"},{"key":"bibr31-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7594"},{"key":"bibr32-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2023.107064"},{"key":"bibr33-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.7680"},{"key":"bibr34-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-45056-9"},{"key":"bibr35-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58081069"},{"key":"bibr36-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/CBM-171089"},{"key":"bibr37-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13204-3"},{"key":"bibr38-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2024.5623"},{"key":"bibr39-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00292-018-0519-6"},{"key":"bibr40-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2022.03.006"},{"key":"bibr41-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1432281"},{"key":"bibr42-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2024.103661"},{"key":"bibr43-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JHC.S459683"},{"key":"bibr44-10732748241305237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00333-8"},{"issue":"33","key":"bibr45-10732748241305237","first-page":"2579","volume":"103","author":"Society of Chemotherapy, China Anti-Cancer Association; 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