{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T19:08:53Z","timestamp":1788548933526,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6 antibodies may be an early biomarker of anal cancer. We cross-sectionally evaluated when in the course of anal disease, HPV16 antibodies are induced.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A nested case-control study of 846 men who have sex with men (MSM) was conducted within a prospective study of men with and without HIV. Cases of anal HPV16 (N=262), biopsy-confirmed high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL;N=140), and anal cancer (N=21) were individually matched to controls (N=423) on HIV status, study-participation duration, and age. Serum samples closest to diagnosis underwent HPV serologic testing; prediagnostic serial samples were tested for anal cancers only. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      HPV16 E6 seroprevalence was non-significantly elevated in anal disease: OR:1.6 (95%CI:0.7-3.6) for HPV16 infection; OR:1.4 (95%CI:0.5-3.8) for HSIL; and OR:1.5 (95%CI:0.3-9.0) for anal cancer. HPV16 E6 seroprevalence was dramatically lower among men with versus without HIV with the same disease stage: 1.5% vs. 11.2% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) for anal HPV16 infection; 4.2% vs. 13.6% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.043) for HSIL; and 5.6% vs. 66.7% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.005) for anal cancer. HPV16 E6 seroprevalence was only associated with anal HPV16 among men without HIV (OR:2.9 [95%CI:1.0-8.0]); no significant associations between HPV16 E6 seroprevalence and anal disease were observed among men with HIV. Among the 21 anal cancers, 66.7% (2\/3) without HIV and 5.6% (1\/18) with HIV were HPV16 E6 seropositive before diagnosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HPV16 E6 antibodies show poor sensitivity for anal cancer and its precursors, particularly among men with HIV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10732748261462289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T09:09:24Z","timestamp":1782205764000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Association Between Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E6 Seroprevalence and Degrees of Anal Disease Among Men With HIV: A Nested Case Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1351-3927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krystle A. Lang","family":"Kuhs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kentucky"},{"name":"University of Kentucky"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Otieno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kentucky"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Staci","family":"Sudenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Waterboer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiqun","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorothy","family":"Wiley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay H.","family":"Bream","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Wolinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4673-7238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy","family":"Martinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gypsyamber","family":"D\u2019Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public 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