{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T06:18:10Z","timestamp":1777529890408,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,1]],"date-time":"2002-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1014940800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Many anesthetic agents are known to have cardiac effects. The effects of pentobarbital, thiopental and isoflurane on dogs with electrical remodeling are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods and Results: We studied 12 dogs that underwent two anesthesias. First, anesthesia was induced (N=12) with intravenous thiopental (17 mg\/kg) induction followed by isoflurane inhalation (1.5%-3% via endotracheal tube). For electrical remodeling, we created complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) and myocardial infarction (MI). In 6 of the 12 dogs we also infused nerve growth factor (NGF) to the right stellate ganglion. All dogs had an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implanted. A second anesthesia was done 66 \u00b1 20 days later. In 8 of the 12 dogs (6 without NGF), pentobarbital was used as the only anesthetic. In the remaining 4 dogs (all with NGF), 3 received thiopental and 1 received isoflurane.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: During the first anesthesia, none of 12 dogs had cardiac arrhythmia. During the second anesthesia, none of the 8 dogs that received pentobarbital developed ventricular fibrillation (VF). In contrast, all the dogs receiving either thiopental or isoflurane died of VF within 2 to 3 minutes. QT and P-P intervals before VF were 440 \u00b1 36 milliseconds and 298 \u00b1 28 milliseconds, longer and shorter (respectively) than those obtained the day prior to surgery (315 \u00b1 25 milliseconds, P &lt; 0.001; 330 \u00b1 22 milliseconds, P &lt; 0.01, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: Thiopental and isoflurane are not arrhythmogenic in normal dogs and dogs with acute MI and CAVB, but are extremely proarrhythmic in dogs with chronic MI and CAVB. Consistent with the results of in vitro studies, pentobarbital did not induce ventricular arrhythmia in dogs with cardiac electrical remodeling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/107424840200700i106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,21]],"date-time":"2007-06-21T21:24:09Z","timestamp":1182461049000},"page":"39-43","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Torsade de Pointes and Sudden Death Induced by Thiopental and Isoflurane Anesthesia in Dogs with Cardiac Electrical Remodeling"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Shengmei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Min","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Ohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, and UCLA, LosAngeles, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce H.","family":"KenKnight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guidant Corp, St Paul, Minn"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lan S.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Childrens Hospital and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hrayr S.","family":"Karagueuzian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, and UCLA, LosAngeles, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng-Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, and UCLA, LosAngeles, CA; Room 5342, CSMC, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048-1865"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2000.tb01798.x"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2391(83)90018-6"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1996.tb13636.x"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.78.1.221"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.1999.tb00656.x"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(99)00013-9"},{"key":"atypb7","first-page":"132","volume":"85","author":"Wit AL","year":"1992","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.11.1125"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.86.7.816"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2001.01068.x"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198610000-00018","volume":"65","author":"Atlee JL, III","year":"1986","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199901000-00021"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199711000-00022"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199708000-00020"},{"key":"atypb15","first-page":"181","volume":"100","author":"Kanaya N","year":"1998","journal-title":"Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199903000-00024"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199708000-00024"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199711000-00023"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200110000-00032"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199412000-00007"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00582-3"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.21.2314"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199407073310108"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.24.2455"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/107424840200700i106","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/107424840200700i106","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:41:03Z","timestamp":1777394463000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/107424840200700i106"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/107424840200700i106"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/107424840200700i106","relation":{},"ISSN":["1074-2484","1940-4034"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1074-2484","type":"print"},{"value":"1940-4034","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]}}}