{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T06:16:53Z","timestamp":1777529813925,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibition is an upstream therapy for managing atrial fibrillation (AF). Of all RAAS-inhibiting agents, only canrenone in the form of potassium canrenoate, a specific inhibitor of mineralocorticoid receptors, is administered intravenously. We evaluated the clinical efficacy of intravenous potassium canrenoate in restoring sinus rhythm in patients with paroxysmal AF episodes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This double-center, randomized, double-blind study comprised 52 patients with AF (lasting &lt;48 h) in stable cardiopulmonary conditions who were eligible for cardioversion. The patients were randomly assigned to receive a slow intravenous bolus of 10 ml either as a placebo (0.9% saline) or canrenone (200 mg). The primary endpoint was the return of sinus rhythm within 2 h after drug administration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 52 patients, 27 (51.9%) and 25 (48.1%) were treated with placebo and canrenone, respectively. The median patient age was 68 years, and 27 patients (51.9%) were men. Sinus rhythm restoration during the follow-up period occurred in 3 (11.5%) and 4 (16.0%) patients in the placebo and canrenone arms (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.477), respectively. Adverse events were observed in 2 (7.4%) and 0 (0.0%) patients in the placebo and canrenone arms, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.170).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intravenous canrenone is not effective in the sinus rhythm restoration among the patients with paroxysmal AF.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT03536806<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10742484251356361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T06:48:23Z","timestamp":1753858103000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical Efficacy of Canrenone in Restoring Sinus Rhythm in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation\u2014A Pilot, Randomized, Double-Blind Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Rafa\u0142","family":"D\u0105browski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Segiet-\u015awi\u0119cicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Sawicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilona","family":"Kowalik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Jaworski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Farkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology"},{"name":"Ministry of Interior and Administration, National Medical Institute, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Kubaszek-Kornatowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Micha\u0142ek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miros\u0142aw","family":"D\u0142u\u017cniewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Heart Diseases, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Szwed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0536-886X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Hryniewiecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cardiology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8933-264X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Karwowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Heart Diseases, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for the CANREN-AF investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.013267"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(02)03199-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1976.tb04883.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"454","volume-title":"Cardiovascular Drug Therapy","author":"Kim KE","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kim KE. Spironolactone. In: Messerli FH, ed. Cardiovascular Drug Therapy. 2nd ed. W.B. Saunders Company; 1996:454-460.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04277-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa612"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001193"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euw384"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eur002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eur023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(01)01905-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2009.02673.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000328462"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","article-title":"Effect of combined ramipril-canrenone on atrial fibrillation recurrence in hypertensive patients with a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation","volume":"130","author":"Fogari R","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fogari R, Mugellini A, Derosa G, Destro M, Zoppi A, Lazzari P. Effect of combined ramipril-canrenone on atrial fibrillation recurrence in hypertensive patients with a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. 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