{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T16:03:48Z","timestamp":1777478628682,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Appl Thromb Hemost"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study's objectives were to study the clinical and laboratory characteristics that may serve as biomarkers for predicting disease severity, IL-10 levels, and frequencies of different T cell subsets in comorbid COVID-19 patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-two hospitalized COVID-19 patients with comorbidities were assessed clinically and radiologically. Blood samples were collected to assess the T lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry and IL-10 levels by ELISA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The most common comorbidities observed in COVID-19 patients were diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and malignancies. Common symptoms and signs included fever, cough, dyspnea, fatigue, myalgia, and sore throat. CRP, ferritin, D dimer, LDH, urea, creatinine, and direct bilirubin were significantly increased in patients than controls. Lymphocyte count and CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      and CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T-cells were significantly decreased in comorbid COVID-19 patients, and CD25 and CD45RA expression were increased. CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      and CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      regulatory T cells (Tregs) and IL-10 levels were significantly decreased in patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Many parameters were found to be predictive of severity in the comorbid patients in our study. Significant reductions in the levels and activation of CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      and CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T-cells were found. In addition, CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      and CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tregs were significant decreased in patients, probably pointing to a prominent role of CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tregs in dampening CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T-cell activation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10760296221107889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T01:58:58Z","timestamp":1655171938000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["COVID-19 Infection in Patients with Comorbidities: Clinical and Immunological Insight"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Omnia","family":"El-Badawy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nahla M.","family":"Elsherbiny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doaa","family":"Abdeltawab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doaa M.","family":"Magdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lamees M.","family":"Bakkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shimaa A.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and ICU, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elham A.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Thabet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and ICU, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Ashmawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ehab F.","family":"Moustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wael A.","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad Bahieldeen","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Critical Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Rayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8473-6116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaled","family":"Saad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amira","family":"Elhoufey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hosni A. 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