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They are used to treat serious bacterial infections, including those caused by the versatile pathogen\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Some strains carry the resistance gene,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">mecA,<\/jats:italic>\n                    encoding a\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -lactam-insensitive PBP2A that allows for peptidoglycan synthesis in the presence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -lactams such as methicillin, limiting treatment options. We previously identified BAY 11-7082 as having antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MRSA) and showed that it re-sensitizes MRSA to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -lactams such as penicillin G, making BAY 11-7082 and its analogs promising candidates for the development of an antibiotic adjuvant. Although the direct antibacterial mechanism of BAY 11-7082 remains undefined, here we aimed to better understand how it potentiates\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -lactam activity. We tested BAY 11-7082 in combination with a variety of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -lactams and identified a subset that were synergistic in MRSA but not methicillin-susceptible\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , suggesting that they may directly or indirectly impact the function of PBP2A. Electron and fluorescence microscopy studies revealed that unlike other\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -lactam adjuvants, such as those that target the biosynthesis of wall teichoic acids (WTAs), BAY 11-7082 failed to impact cell division, disrupt PBP2 localization, or activate a sensitive reporter of cell wall damage. However, the production of WTA was necessary for BAY 11-7082-\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -lactam synergy. Together, these data suggest its mechanism of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -lactam potentiation is distinct from known compounds, making BAY 11-7082 a useful tool to better understand the complexity of resistance in MRSA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10766294261448426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T11:39:28Z","timestamp":1777981168000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bay 11-7082 Potentiates Select\n                    <i>\u03b2<\/i>\n                    -Lactams to Inhibit Growth of Methicillin-Resistant\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Victoria E.","family":"Coles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Reed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariana G.","family":"Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0838-5040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lori L.","family":"Burrows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and the Michael G. 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