{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:34:48Z","timestamp":1792787688084,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["21H03622 and 23K17049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21H03622 and 23K17049"]}]},{"name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","award":["JP20wm0125008, JP223fa627005, JP253m0134005, and J"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20wm0125008, JP223fa627005, JP253m0134005, and J"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/004rtk039","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Fosfomycin is a highest priority critically important antimicrobial in medical settings and is approved for use in cattle, fish, and humans in Japan. Breakpoints for fosfomycin differ between the antimicrobial susceptibility test guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Although important for public health, information on the prevalence of fosfomycin-resistant bacteria and mobile fosfomycin resistance genes (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in bacteria of nonhuman origin remains insufficient. In this study, we investigated\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains isolated from animals (cattle, pigs, chickens, and dogs) and the association of these with environments in Japan to determine the prevalence of fosfomycin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    based on CLSI and EUCAST, as well as\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene prevalence. Susceptibility testing for fosfomycin was retrospectively conducted in 2,057\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes were detected in fosfomycin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Whole-genome sequencing of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    -positive\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    was performed. The resistance rates to fosfomycin according to CLSI and EUCAST guidelines were 0.6% and 11.7%, respectively. The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fosA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene was detected in three\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates (from one cow and two dogs) in Japan. Two\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fosA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    -positive strains harbored the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-14<\/jats:sub>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-65<\/jats:sub>\n                    gene located on the same plasmids. The genetic structures of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fosA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    -carrying plasmids were almost identical to those reported in Japan and China. Herein, we report the prevalence of fosfomycin resistance in Japan, including fosfomycin-nonapproved fields, showing that these may serve as reservoirs of fosfomycin-resistant bacteria and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes carried on globally disseminated mobile genetic elements.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10766294261489643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T17:14:23Z","timestamp":1789751663000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of Fosfomycin-Resistant\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    from Livestock, Companion Animals, and the Environment in Japan, and Genomic Characterization of Transferable\n                    <i>fos<\/i>\n                    Genes"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3645-4867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akira","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Microbiology and Food Safety Unit, Division of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norihide","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Microbiology and Food Safety Unit, Division of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiko","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toyotaka","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motohiro","family":"Horiuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan."},{"name":"International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."},{"name":"Division of Research Support, Hokkaido University Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chie","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan."},{"name":"International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."},{"name":"Vaccinology for Clinical Development, Hokkaido University Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Usui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Microbiology and Food Safety Unit, Division of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","unstructured":"1.World Health Organization. WHO list of medically important antimicrobials: A risk management tool for mitigating antimicrobial resistance due to non-human use World Health Organization: Geneva Switzerland; 2024. 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