{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T10:40:03Z","timestamp":1784198403984,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,14]],"date-time":"2023-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HD087685"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HD087685"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HD101617"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HD101617"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Maltreat"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Child interviewers are often advised to avoid asking \u201cHow\u201d questions, particularly with young children. However, children tend to answer \u201cHow\u201d evaluative questions productively (e.g., \u201cHow did you feel?\u201d). \u201cHow\u201d evaluative questions are phrased as a \u201cHow\u201d followed by an auxiliary verb (e.g., \u201cdid\u201d or \u201cwas\u201d), but so are \u201cHow\u201d questions requesting information about method or manner (e.g., \u201cHow did he touch you?\u201d), and \u201cHow\u201d method\/manner questions might be more difficult for children to answer. We examined 458 5- to 17-year-old children questioned about sexual abuse, identified 2485 \"How\u201d questions with an auxiliary verb, and classified them as \u201cHow\u201d evaluative ( n = 886) or \u201cHow\u201d method\/manner ( n = 1599). Across age, children gave more productive answers to \u201cHow\u201d evaluative questions than \u201cHow\u201d method\/manner questions. Although even young children responded appropriately to \u201cHow\u201d method\/manner questions over 80% of the time, specific types of \u201cHow\u201d method\/manner questions were particularly difficult, including questions regarding clothing, body positioning, and the nature of touch. Children\u2019s difficulties lie in specific combinations of \u201cHow\u201d questions and topics, rather than \u201cHow\u201d questions in general.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10775595231175913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]],"date-time":"2023-05-15T08:12:55Z","timestamp":1684138375000},"page":"417-426","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Child Witnesses Productively Respond to \u201cHow\u201d Questions About Evaluations but Struggle With Other \u201cHow\u201d Questions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Hayden","family":"Henderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7881-6673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colleen E.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2526-4443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Breanne E.","family":"Wylie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8082-631X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stacia N.","family":"Stolzenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3409-5979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela D.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8179-759X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas D.","family":"Lyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10775595231175913","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260515621084"},{"key":"bibr2-10775595231175913","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1936928X.2013.854124"},{"key":"bibr3-10775595231175913","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.2183"},{"key":"bibr4-10775595231175913","volume-title":"Interviewing children: A guide for child care and forensic practitioners","author":"Aldridge M.","year":"1998"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr5-10775595231175913","first-page":"193","volume":"12","author":"Anderson J.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thomas M. 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