{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T02:46:05Z","timestamp":1782355565720,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HD087685"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HD087685"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HD101617"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HD101617"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Maltreat"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study examined the role of character evidence and other issues in criminal appeals of child sexual abuse (CSA) convictions. Character evidence includes uncharged acts and character witnesses who testify to another\u2019s reputation or opinion and is offered to prove an individual\u2019s propensities. Examining 168 appellate court opinions reviewing CSA convictions between 2005 and 2015 in Maricopa County, Arizona, we found that when specific types of evidence were at issue, they were most often character evidence issues (49%). However, appellate courts virtually never reversed convictions ( n = 5), and when defendants did obtain relief, the reduction in charges or in sentences was minor. Of the small number of opinions that were published ( n = 4), all focused on character evidence, including the single case reviewed by the Arizona Supreme Court. However, close examination of the published cases suggested they effected only modest change.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10775595231196096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T10:29:51Z","timestamp":1692354591000},"page":"661-671","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Appellate Review of Child Sexual Abuse Convictions: The Importance of Character Evidence"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8225-309X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne St.","family":"George","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayden","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaela","family":"Flippin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacia N.","family":"Stolzenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8179-759X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas D.","family":"Lyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California Gould School of Law, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10775595231196096","volume-title":"Anders v. California","year":"1967"},{"key":"bibr2-10775595231196096","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10775595221074375"},{"key":"bibr3-10775595231196096","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J070v06n01_07"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr4-10775595231196096","first-page":"529","volume":"78","author":"Bryden D. P.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Minnesota Law Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr5-10775595231196096","first-page":"183","volume":"16","author":"Buller T. J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Appellate Practice and Process"},{"key":"bibr6-10775595231196096","volume-title":"Understanding reversible error in criminal appeals","author":"Chapper J. A.","year":"1989"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr7-10775595231196096","first-page":"427","volume":"66","author":"Foley D. J.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Tennessee Law Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr8-10775595231196096","first-page":"24","volume":"33","author":"Gottsfield R. L.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arizona Attorney"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr9-10775595231196096","first-page":"293","volume":"43","author":"Graham K.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Oklahoma Law Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr10-10775595231196096","first-page":"1939","volume":"70","author":"Heise M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vanderbilt Law Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr11-10775595231196096","first-page":"575","volume":"51","author":"Imwinkelried","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ohio State Law Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr12-10775595231196096","first-page":"795","volume":"81","author":"Lave T. R.","year":"2012","journal-title":"University of Cincinnati Law Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr13-10775595231196096","first-page":"13","volume":"26","author":"McClennen C.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arizona Attorney"},{"key":"bibr14-10775595231196096","volume-title":"Michelson v. United States","year":"1948"},{"key":"bibr15-10775595231196096","volume-title":"Montgomery v. Duncan","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr16-10775595231196096","volume-title":"Federal evidence","author":"Mueller C. B.","year":"2021","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr17-10775595231196096","volume-title":"Myers on evidence of interpersonal violence, child maltreatment, intimate partner violence, rape, stalking, and elder abuse","author":"Myers J. E. B.","year":"2021","edition":"6"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr18-10775595231196096","first-page":"201","volume":"78","author":"Reed T. J.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Temple Law Review"},{"key":"bibr19-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Bucholtz","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr20-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Bustillos","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr21-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Dahnad","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr22-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Farr","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr23-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Ferrero","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr24-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Fries","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr25-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Galvez","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr26-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Garcia","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr27-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Gonzales","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr28-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Holland","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr29-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Jensen","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr30-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Jones","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr31-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Lucero","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr32-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. McFarlin","year":"1973"},{"key":"bibr33-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. McVay","year":"1980"},{"key":"bibr34-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Rhodes","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr35-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Valdez","year":"1989"},{"key":"bibr36-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Valentine","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr37-10775595231196096","volume-title":"State v. Vega","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr38-10775595231196096","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559514539388"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr39-10775595231196096","first-page":"327","volume":"39","author":"Tchividjian B. J.","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Criminal Law"},{"key":"bibr40-10775595231196096","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0011128708320484"},{"key":"bibr41-10775595231196096","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024812"},{"key":"bibr42-10775595231196096","volume-title":"Criminal appeals in state courts","author":"Waters N. L.","year":"2015"}],"container-title":["Child Maltreatment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10775595231196096","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10775595231196096","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10775595231196096","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:50:26Z","timestamp":1777391426000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10775595231196096"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10775595231196096"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10775595231196096","relation":{},"ISSN":["1077-5595","1552-6119"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1077-5595","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6119","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]]}}}