{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T14:55:38Z","timestamp":1778165738102,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,28]],"date-time":"2011-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1303948800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Violence Against Women"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study examined masculine gender role stress (MGRS) as a mediator of the relation between adherence to dimensions of a hegemonic masculinity and hostility toward women (HTW). Among a sample of 338 heterosexual men, results indicated that MGRS mediated the relation between adherence to the status and antifemininity norms, but not the toughness norm, and HTW. Adherence to the toughness norm maintained a positive association with HTW. These findings suggest that men\u2019s HTW develops via multiple pathways that are associated with different norms of hegemonic masculinity. Implications for the prediction of men\u2019s aggression against women are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801211407296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,29]],"date-time":"2011-04-29T20:13:44Z","timestamp":1304108024000},"page":"568-583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["What Accounts for Men\u2019s Hostile Attitudes Toward Women? 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