{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:33:22Z","timestamp":1777934002166,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704758400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000155","name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Urban Affairs Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>While there is a growing interest in citizen-led initiatives, there is still no consensus on how to situate them, especially in relation to state institutions. On the one hand, citizen-led initiatives are seen as being co-opted by formal institutions in a context of austerity. On the other hand, these initiatives are often presented as \u201cspaces of resistance\u201d to neoliberalism, or as political acts of reclaiming the city. Mapping and tracing urban gardening and dumpster diving from their grassroots emergence to their inclusion in the institutional world through a two-level analysis, we show that individuals and loosely organized collectives involved in such initiatives are embedded in complex relationships with local institutions and third sector organizations that do, in turn, structure their practice and its consequences. The two-level analysis we propose follows this process: it is through interactions and relationships with other \u201cpractitioners\u201d and with their social and institutional environment that these urban social practices gradually institutionalize.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10780874231224359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T03:06:29Z","timestamp":1704769589000},"page":"1507-1539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Creating Local \u201cCitizen's Governance Spaces\u201d in Austerity Contexts : Food Recuperation and Urban Gardening in Montr\u00e9al (Canada) as Ways to Pragmatically Invent Alternatives"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Laurence","family":"Bherer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Dufour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5548-9291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fran\u00e7oise","family":"Montambeault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10780874231224359","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10460-006-9019-z"},{"key":"bibr2-10780874231224359","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003036265-14","volume-title":"The Political Ecology of Austerity. 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