{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:36:45Z","timestamp":1777934205460,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,2]],"date-time":"2012-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341187200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Oncol Pharm Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: To determine cyclophosphamide exposure to preparers during tablet crushing and subsequent handling by analyzing indoor air collected using a high-performance volatile organic compounds-solvent desorption (VOC-SD) passive air sampler.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: The passive sampler was taped to the mask over the mouth of the preparer and indoor air was collected during crushing and preparation of cyclophosphamide tablets (Endoxan\u00ae). After collection, the carbon molecular sieve adsorbent of the passive sampler was placed in a centrifuge tube, and 1\u2009mL of carbon disulfide was used to elute cyclophosphamide from the adsorbent. Liquid\u2013liquid extraction with 1\u2009mL of water was performed, and the aqueous phase was used as the test solution. Cyclophosphamide concentration was determined by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and tandem mass spectrometry detection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Cyclophosphamide concentration was detected in the range of 7.6\u2013157.7\u2009ng\/sampler. Our results showed that low-level exposure occurred near the mouth of the preparer, which could present risks for long-term exposure, especially if combined with multiple toxic drug exposures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: The anticancer drug monitoring methodology described here is a simple exposure assessment that can be used to ensure the safety of hospital pharmacy tablet preparers. Furthermore, since the anticancer drug exposure risk is very high for preparers, preparation should be in hood or with face mask.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1078155212451196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,3]],"date-time":"2012-07-03T00:07:19Z","timestamp":1341274039000},"page":"31-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Determination of exposure of dispensary drug preparers to cyclophosphamide by passive sampling and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Wakui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Kawasaki Municipal Kawasaki Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetuo","family":"Ookubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Iwasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rie","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miyuki","family":"Mitui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kawasaki Municipal Kawasaki Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Yano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kawasaki Municipal Kawasaki Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Nakazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1078155212451196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.56.6.354"},{"key":"bibr2-1078155212451196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07357908609038255"},{"key":"bibr3-1078155212451196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1110(85)90024-7"},{"key":"bibr4-1078155212451196","unstructured":"IARC.\n                      IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Some antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agents\n                      . Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer, vol. 26, 1981, p.411."},{"key":"bibr5-1078155212451196","unstructured":"IARC.\n                      IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Pharmaceutical drugs\n                      . Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer, vol. 50, 1990."},{"key":"bibr6-1078155212451196","first-page":"1","volume":"5","author":"Shirato S","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Jpn Med Waste Res"},{"key":"bibr7-1078155212451196","first-page":"432","volume":"94","author":"Krstev S","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Lav"},{"key":"bibr8-1078155212451196","first-page":"17","volume":"16","author":"The Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia","year":"1981","journal-title":"Hospital Pharm"},{"key":"bibr9-1078155212451196","first-page":"126","volume":"34","author":"Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists","year":"1981","journal-title":"Can J Hosp Pharm"},{"key":"bibr10-1078155212451196","unstructured":"Working Party Report: Guidelines for handling of cytotoxic drugs.\n                      Pharm J\n                      1983; 230."},{"key":"bibr11-1078155212451196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ASHP technical assistance bulletin on handling cytotoxic drugs in hospitals.\n                      Am J Hosp Pharm\n                      1985; 42: 131\u2013137.","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/42.1.131"},{"key":"bibr12-1078155212451196","volume-title":"Guidelines concerning the handling of cytostatic agents","author":"Directorate of Labour Inspection","year":"1980"},{"key":"bibr13-1078155212451196","volume-title":"Instructions for handling and administering of cytostatics","author":"Hakansson L","year":"1978"},{"key":"bibr14-1078155212451196","unstructured":"Health and Safety Executive (U.K.). Precautions for the safe handling of cytotoxic drugs.\n                      Guidance Note MS\n                      1984; 21."},{"key":"bibr15-1078155212451196","unstructured":"NIOSH Alert. Preventing occupational exposures to antineoplastic and other hazardous drugs in health caresettings 2004. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No 2004\u20132165."},{"key":"bibr16-1078155212451196","volume-title":"Kouganzai tyousei manyuaru (in Japanese)","author":"Kitada K","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr17-1078155212451196","volume-title":"Kou akusei syuyou yakuzai no innai toriatukai sisin (in Japanese)","author":"Japanese Society of Hospital Pharmacists","year":"1991"},{"key":"bibr18-1078155212451196","first-page":"331","volume":"268","author":"Kiffmeyer TK","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pharm J"},{"key":"bibr19-1078155212451196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.48.517"},{"key":"bibr20-1078155212451196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1078155210380485"},{"key":"bibr21-1078155212451196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/56.14.1427"},{"key":"bibr22-1078155212451196","first-page":"153","volume":"53","author":"Yoshida J","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Occup Hyg"},{"key":"bibr23-1078155212451196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp050258"},{"key":"bibr24-1078155212451196","first-page":"439","volume":"16","author":"Muraoka Y","year":"1982","journal-title":"Kiso To Rinsyo"},{"key":"bibr25-1078155212451196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/60.22.2314"},{"key":"bibr26-1078155212451196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/59.1.68"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1078155212451196","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1078155212451196","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1078155212451196","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T02:14:38Z","timestamp":1777688078000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1078155212451196"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,2]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1078155212451196"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1078155212451196","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-1552","1477-092X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-1552","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-092X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,2]]}}}