{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T22:39:50Z","timestamp":1780612790802,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]],"date-time":"2020-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583366400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Association pour la sant\u00e9 et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail \u2013 secteur affaires sociales"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Oncol Pharm Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this pilot study was to determine the frequency of urination and the concentration of four hazardous drugs (cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil) in workers\u2019 24-h urine samples in relation to exposure to traces with hazardous drugs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study was conducted in three healthcare centers in the region of Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada. We recruited healthcare workers (nurses and pharmacy technicians) assigned to the hematology-oncology department. Each participant was asked to collect all urine voided during a 24-h period, to fill out an activity journal documenting tasks performed and to document the use of personal protective equipment. Samples were analyzed for cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, methotrexate, and alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL, the main urinary metabolite of 5-fluorouracil). Drugs were quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (positive electrospray MRM mode).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighteen healthcare workers (10 nurses and 8 technicians) were recruited and provided consent to participate. Urine samples were obtained between 1 September and 30 September 2019. The number of urinations over the 24-h collection period ranged from 3 to 11 per participant. A total of 128 urine samples were analyzed for the 18 workers. All urine samples were negative for the four antineoplastics tested.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No traces of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, methotrexate, or FBAL were found in the 24-h urine samples of 18 healthcare workers practicing in three healthcare facilities in Quebec. Although it was feasible to collect 24-h urine samples in this research project, it appears unrealistic to do so recurrently as part of a large-scale surveillance program.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1078155220907129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,6]],"date-time":"2020-03-06T00:11:55Z","timestamp":1583453515000},"page":"1864-1870","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Quantification of healthcare workers\u2019 exposure to cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil by 24-h urine assay: A descriptive pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Marie","family":"Palamini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche en Pratique Pharmaceutique, D\u00e9partement de Pharmacie, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annick","family":"Dufour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Pharmacie, CISSS de la Mont\u00e9r\u00e9gie-Centre, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxane","family":"Therrien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Pharmacie, CISSS de Laval, Laval, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Delisle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche en Pratique Pharmaceutique, D\u00e9partement de Pharmacie, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genevi\u00e8ve","family":"Mercier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direction des Soins Infirmiers, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Gagn\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Toxicologie du Qu\u00e9bec, Institut National de Sant\u00e9 Publique du Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Caron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Toxicologie du Qu\u00e9bec, Institut National de Sant\u00e9 Publique du Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6623-4967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Bussi\u00e8res","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche en Pratique Pharmaceutique, D\u00e9partement de Pharmacie, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 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