{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:05:52Z","timestamp":1790701552663,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641945600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Oncol Pharm Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs can lead to long-term adverse effects on workers\u2019 health. Environmental monitoring is conducted once a year, as part of a Canadian monitoring program. The objective was to describe contamination with 11 antineoplastic drugs measured on surfaces.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Six standardized sites in oncology pharmacy and six in outpatient clinic were sampled in each hospital. Samples were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (non-platinum drugs) and by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (platinum-based drugs). The limits of detection (in ng\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) were: 0.0006 for cyclophosphamide; 0.001 for docetaxel; 0.04 for 5-fluorouracil; 0.0004 for gemcitabine; 0.0007 for irinotecan; 0.0009 for methotrexate; 0.004 for paclitaxel, 0.009 for vinorelbine, 0.02 for doxorubicine, 0.0037 for etoposide and 0.004 for the platinum. Sub-analyses were done with a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      122 Canadian hospitals participated. Cyclophosphamide (451\/1412, 32% of positive samples, 90\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      percentile of concentration 0.0160 ng\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and gemcitabine (320\/1412, 23%, 0.0036 ng\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) were most frequently measured on surfaces. The surfaces most frequently contaminated with at least one drug were the front grille inside the biological safety cabinet (97\/121, 80%) and the armrest of patient treatment chair (92\/118, 78%).The distribution of cyclophosphamide concentration was higher for centers that prepared \u2265 5000 antineoplastic drug preparations\/year (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This monitoring program allowed centers to benchmark their contamination with pragmatic contamination thresholds derived from the Canadian 90\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      percentiles. Problematic areas need corrective measures such as decontamination. The program helps to increase the workers\u2019 awareness.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10781552211072877","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T07:09:33Z","timestamp":1641971373000},"page":"338-347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Canadian monitoring program of the surface contamination with 11 antineoplastic drugs in 122 centers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Cl\u00e9mence","family":"Delafoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Pharmacy Department, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudine","family":"Roussy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Toxicologie du Qu\u00e9bec, Institut national de sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec, Quebec, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anny-France","family":"Hudon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Toxicologie du Qu\u00e9bec, Institut national de sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec, Quebec, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciprian Mihai","family":"Cirtiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Toxicologie du Qu\u00e9bec, Institut national de sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec, Quebec, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Caron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Toxicologie du Qu\u00e9bec, Institut national de sant\u00e9 publique du Qu\u00e9bec, Quebec, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6623-4967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Bussi\u00e8res","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Pharmacy Department, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0969-6051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cynthia","family":"Tanguay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Pharmacy Department, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10781552211072877","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.191292"},{"key":"bibr2-10781552211072877","unstructured":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.\n                      NIOSH list of hazardous drugs in healthcare settings 2020\n                      . 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