{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:42:59Z","timestamp":1777934579643,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundo de Incentivo a Pesquisa (FIPE) da Diretoria de Pesquisa do Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Oncol Pharm Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The handling of antineoplastic drugs should follow strict supervision and safety rules to minimize the occupational exposure risks to professionals involved. The external surface contamination of drug vials is recognized as a health risk. So, our goal was to determine if there is residual contamination on the vials and containers surface of the antineoplastic drugs doxorubicin (DOX) and cyclophosphamide (CP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted. Samples were collected using a uniform sampling procedure on the inner surfaces of the packages\/boxes and the outer surfaces of the vials. The analyzes were executed by high-performance liquid chromatography\/mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS\/MS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 209 samples were analyzed, 66 of CP and 143 of DOX. CP levels were detected in nine samples (13.63%), three were below the lower limit of quantification (LLQ) and the other six had contamination levels ranging from 1.24 to 28.04\u2005ng\/filter. DOX levels were detected in 36 samples (25.17%), two were below the LLQ and the others had levels between 1.32 and 664.84\u2005ng\/filter. The majority of samples with residual contamination were in vials (80.0%), however, boxes also showed contamination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results revealed the presence of residual contamination in the vials and packages of CP and DOX drugs. Although the residues found in each sample are small, special care should be taken in the handling and disposal of the antineoplastic drugs. The use of personal protective equipment is fundamental while handling the vials and packaging of cytotoxic drugs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10781552231151693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T01:16:21Z","timestamp":1674177381000},"page":"1862-1867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Residual contamination in antineoplastic drug packaging"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5577-7744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana Stein","family":"e Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences: Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cibele da Silva Barbosa","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences: Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Linden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Toxicology Laboratory, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina Venzon","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Toxicology Laboratory, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura C\u00e9","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Toxicology Laboratory, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5101-9655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Alberto Yasin","family":"Wayhs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Intravenous Drug Preparation, Department of Pharmacy, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edison","family":"Capp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences: Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7437-9362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandro Lu\u00eds Ribeiro","family":"Ness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Intravenous Drug Preparation, Department of Pharmacy, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10781552231151693","unstructured":"British National Formulary (BNF).\n                      Medicines Complete\n                      , https:\/\/about.medicinescomplete.com\/publication\/british-national-formulary\/ (accessed 26 July 2020)."},{"key":"bibr2-10781552231151693","first-page":"525","volume":"28","author":"Alc\u00e2ntara AMPP","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lat Am J Pharm"},{"key":"bibr3-10781552231151693","unstructured":"Baba AI, C\u00e2toi C.\n                      PRINCIPLES OF ANTICANCER THERAPY\n                      . 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