{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T20:44:39Z","timestamp":1785703479614,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Oncol Pharm Pract"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer therapy but can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Neurological irAEs are rare, and dementia associated with nivolumab has been rarely reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 68-year-old female with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma on nivolumab since 2019 presented with progressive cognitive decline, disorientation, dysarthria, and apraxia. Brain MRI showed no metastasis, only parietal-temporal atrophy and a small meningioma. CSF analysis and paraneoplastic antibody panel were normal. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score was 14\/30. Nivolumab-induced encephalitis was suspected. After 7 days of pulse methylprednisolone 1\u2005g\/day, MMSE improved to 21\/30 with partial clinical recovery. The patient was started on donepezil and Ginkgo biloba extract. Current treatment is everolimus. Naranjo score was 7, indicating a probable association.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dementia is a rare but serious neurological irAE of nivolumab. Early recognition and steroid therapy may lead to partial recovery. Clinicians should be aware of cognitive dysfunction in patients on ICIs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10781552261474047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:45:14Z","timestamp":1785422714000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dementia as a rare neurological adverse event of Nivolumab in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6025-7800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gulhan","family":"Dinc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hatay Education and Research Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2016.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"345","article-title":"Nivolumab-induced immune encephalitis: a systematic review and analysis of 86 cases worldwide","volume":"171","author":"Ma L","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ma L, Liu Y, Zhang H, et al. Nivolumab-induced immune encephalitis: a systematic review and analysis of 86 cases worldwide. J Neurooncol 2025; 171: 345\u2013358.","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","article-title":"Nivolumab-associated acute demyelinating encephalitis: a literature review","volume":"37","author":"Zafar SN","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zafar SN, Mirza SS, Khan A, et al. Nivolumab-associated acute demyelinating encephalitis: a literature review. J Clin Oncol 2019; 37: e14023.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","article-title":"Late-onset encephalitis secondary to nivolumab therapy: a case report and review of literature","volume":"9","author":"Khosa F","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khosa F, Ramai D, Singh J, et al. Late-onset encephalitis secondary to nivolumab therapy: a case report and review of literature. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9: e04567.","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"112","article-title":"Nivolumab-induced limbic encephalitis in gastric cancer: a literature review and case report","volume":"29","author":"Sumiyoshi S","year":"2026","unstructured":"Sumiyoshi S, Tanaka K, Yamamoto M, et al. Nivolumab-induced limbic encephalitis in gastric cancer: a literature review and case report. Gastric Cancer 2026; 29: 112\u2013119.","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10781552261474047","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10781552261474047","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10781552261474047","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T19:44:40Z","timestamp":1785699880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10781552261474047"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"references-count":5,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10781552261474047"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10781552261474047","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-1552","1477-092X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-1552","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-092X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"article-number":"10781552261474047"}}