{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T02:44:25Z","timestamp":1791254665672,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Psychedelics and psychedelic-assisted therapies (PATs) are on the cusp of becoming medicalized treatment modalities within the United States, both as potential U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatment and therapeutic options outside the medical model, through decriminalization efforts within individual states. Bringing with it a paradigm shift in the delivery of health care for both physical and mental health treatment. A workforce of highly trained facilitators will be needed to meet the anticipated demand for this type of treatment and nurses can play a key role in meeting this demand. This article serves to introduce psychedelic-assisted therapies to psychiatric-mental health nurses as we start to see this new field emerge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHOD:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Review of published literature and other media.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results based on historical data, modern applications, and future considerations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nurses have been involved with psychedelic-assisted therapies in the past and are fully capable of providing a wide range of roles upon the anticipated approval as a treatment modality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10783903231222930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T06:18:32Z","timestamp":1706509112000},"page":"906-913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Psychedelics in Psychiatry, the Nursing Influence, and the Future of Psychedelic Therapies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8564-8978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlton J.","family":"Spotswood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carlton J. Spotswood, MSN, APRN, PMHNP-BC, MaineGeneral Medical Center, Augusta, ME, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/psymed.2022.0004"},{"key":"bibr2-10783903231222930","volume-title":"Professional practice guidelines for psychedelic-assisted therapy","author":"American Psychedelic Practitioners Association.","year":"2023"},{"key":"bibr3-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2020.100538"},{"key":"bibr4-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00214-X"},{"key":"bibr5-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Berg L. (1994). Notes from a psychedelic research nurse. Newsletter of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelics Studies, 5(1). https:\/\/maps.org\/news-letters\/v05n1\/05134nrs.html"},{"key":"bibr6-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Berg L. (1995). Notes from a psychedelic research nurse: Part II. Newsletter of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelics Studies, 6(1). https:\/\/maps.org\/news-letters\/v06n1\/06117unm.html"},{"key":"bibr7-10783903231222930","first-page":"637","volume":"57","author":"Bierer J.","year":"1961","journal-title":"Nursing Times"},{"key":"bibr8-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Blewett D. B., Chwelos N. (1959). Handbook for the therapeutic use of lysergic acid diethylamide-25 individual and group procedures. https:\/\/ www.erowid.org\/psychoactives\/guides\/handbook_lsd25.pdf"},{"key":"bibr9-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.866018"},{"key":"bibr10-10783903231222930","first-page":"83","volume-title":"The use of LSD in psychotherapy and alcoholism","author":"Buckman J.","year":"1967"},{"key":"bibr11-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2017.84"},{"key":"bibr12-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Dames S., Kryskow P., Watler C., Pearl T., Allard P. (2023). Psychedelic-assisted Therapy Training: First Hand experience of non-ordinary states of consciousness in the pursuit of competency [Unpublished manuscript]. https:\/\/rootstothrive.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Psychedelic-Therapy-Education_-Is-the-Experience-of-Psychedelic-Therapy-a-Necessary-Competency-Standard-for-those-Training-to-Provide-Psychedelic-Therapists_.pdf"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr13-10783903231222930","first-page":"65","volume":"69","author":"Dansky K. H.","year":"1970","journal-title":"The Alumnae Magazine of Johns Hopkins Hospital School of Nursing"},{"key":"bibr14-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Denis-Lalonde D., Estefan A. (2020). Emerging psychedelic-assisted therapies: Implications for nursing practice. Journal of Mental Health and Addiction Nursing, 4(1), e1\u2013e13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2237\/jmhan.v4i1.40","DOI":"10.22374\/jmhan.v4i1.40"},{"key":"bibr15-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Devine J. (2022, August 3). The need for 100,000 psychedelic facilitators is real. LA Weekly. https:\/\/www.laweekly.com\/the-need-for-100000-psychedelic-facilitators-is-real\/"},{"key":"bibr16-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Extance A. (2023, October 31). Positive trial sets stage for therapeutic use of MDMA in US. Chemistry World. https:\/\/www.chemistryworld.com\/news\/positive-trial-sets-stage-for-therapeutic-use-of-mdma-in-us\/4018114.article"},{"key":"bibr17-10783903231222930","volume-title":"Psychedelic drugs: Considerations for clinical investigations guidance for industry","author":"Food and Drug Administration","year":"2023"},{"key":"bibr18-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Friedman R. A. (2013, August 19). A dry pipeline for psychiatric drugs. The New York Times. https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2013\/08\/20\/health\/a-dry-pipeline-for-psychiatric-drugs.html"},{"key":"bibr19-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1968.tb01990.x"},{"key":"bibr20-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2206443"},{"key":"bibr21-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.645246"},{"key":"bibr22-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2358-5"},{"key":"bibr23-10783903231222930","volume-title":"Psychedelic drugs reconsidered","author":"Grinspoon L.","year":"1979"},{"key":"bibr24-10783903231222930","volume-title":"LSD psychotherapy","author":"Grof S.","year":"1980","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr25-10783903231222930","first-page":"234","author":"Hammett V.","year":"1969","journal-title":"Psychedelic Drugs (op city)"},{"key":"bibr26-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050324516683325"},{"key":"bibr27-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.11.010"},{"key":"bibr28-10783903231222930","volume-title":"The psychedelic experience; a manual based on the Tibetan book of the dead","author":"Leary T.","year":"1964"},{"key":"bibr29-10783903231222930","first-page":"199","volume-title":"The use of LSD in psychotherapy, a conference on d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25)","author":"Lennard H.","year":"1959"},{"key":"bibr30-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Mental Health America. (2022). Adult data 2022. https:\/\/mhanational.org\/issues\/2022\/mental-health-america-adult-data"},{"key":"bibr31-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02565-4"},{"key":"bibr32-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Mithoefer M. C. (2017). A manual for MDMA-assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of PTSD (Version 8.1). Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelics Studies. https:\/\/maps.org\/research\/mdma\/mdma-research-timeline\/4887-a-manual-for-mdma-assisted-psychotherapy-in-the-treatment-of-ptsd"},{"key":"bibr33-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-019-05249-5"},{"key":"bibr34-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-022-00468-0"},{"key":"bibr35-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies. (2011, July 28\u20132022, October 13). Psychological effects of Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) when administered to healthy volunteers (MT-1) [Identifier: NCT01404754]. ClinicalTrials.gov. https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01404754?term=MDMA&draw=7&rank=56"},{"key":"bibr36-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies. (2022). Second maps- sponsored phase 3 trial of MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD completed. https:\/\/maps.org\/2022\/11\/17\/mapp2-second-maps-sponsored-phase-3-trial-of-mdma-assisted-therapy-for-ptsd-completed\/"},{"key":"bibr37-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17226\/26648"},{"key":"bibr38-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.115.011478"},{"key":"bibr39-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2054.2018.009"},{"key":"bibr40-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Nuwer R. (2023, September 14). MDMA therapy inches closer to approval. The New York Times. https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/09\/14\/health\/mdma-ptsd-psychedelics.html"},{"key":"bibr41-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Organization of Psychedelic and Entheogenic Nurses. (2023a). https:\/\/www.openurses.org\/"},{"key":"bibr42-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Organization of Psychedelic and Entheogenic Nurses. (2023b). Mission and intent. https:\/\/www.openurses.org\/code-of-ethics"},{"key":"bibr43-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1957.tb40738.x"},{"key":"bibr44-10783903231222930","first-page":"217","volume-title":"Psychedelic drugs: Proceedings of a Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital symposium","author":"Osmond H.","year":"1969"},{"key":"bibr45-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Paiement G. (2021, April 14). Psychedelic Saskatchewan: Kay Parley. Chacruna. https:\/\/chacruna.net\/psychedelic-saskatchewan-kay-parley\/"},{"key":"bibr46-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3452964"},{"key":"bibr47-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780889774124"},{"key":"bibr48-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.1020505"},{"key":"bibr49-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NAJ.0000753464.35523.29"},{"key":"bibr50-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00221678211011013"},{"key":"bibr51-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00221678211011013"},{"key":"bibr52-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/psymed.2023.0017"},{"key":"bibr53-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Penn Nursing. (2022). Penn nursing & Columbia School of Social Work team up to educate social workers & nurses about psychedelic-assisted therapy. https:\/\/www.nursing.upenn.edu\/details\/news.php?id=2180"},{"key":"bibr54-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022167817711304"},{"key":"bibr55-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.14530"},{"key":"bibr56-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2020.0241"},{"key":"bibr57-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0898010118770302"},{"key":"bibr58-10783903231222930","first-page":"81","volume-title":"The use of LSD in psychotherapy, a conference on d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25)","author":"Sandison R","year":"1959"},{"issue":"8","key":"bibr59-10783903231222930","first-page":"1686","volume":"68","author":"Sankot M.","year":"1968","journal-title":"American Journal of Nursing"},{"key":"bibr60-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00733"},{"key":"bibr61-10783903231222930","unstructured":"Snelders S. (2020, November 18). Kin Spruijt: A psychedelic nurse in a Dutch Psychiatric Clinic. Chacruna. https:\/\/chacruna.net\/a-psychedelic-nurse-in-a-dutch-psychiatric-clinic\/"},{"key":"bibr62-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jmwh.13371"},{"key":"bibr63-10783903231222930","volume-title":"Nursing: The philosophy and science of caring","author":"Watson J.","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr64-10783903231222930","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2021). Depression. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/depression"},{"key":"bibr65-10783903231222930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.562660"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10783903231222930","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10783903231222930","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10783903231222930","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T19:44:31Z","timestamp":1777491871000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10783903231222930"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10783903231222930"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10783903231222930","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-3903","1532-5725"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-3903","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-5725","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]}}}