{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:46:49Z","timestamp":1777934809563,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]],"date-time":"2005-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1128124800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sex Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The adaptation of relapse prevention theory to sexual offending (W. D. Pithers, J. K. Marques, C. C. Gibat, &amp; G. A. Marlatt, 1983) has represented an important movement in cognitive-behavioural treatment for sexual offenders. However, this model of relapse prevention has been criticised for its limited view and oversimplification of the relapse prevention process (R. K. Hanson, 2000; T. Ward &amp; S. M. Hudson, 1996). As a result, T. Ward and S. M. Hudson (2000a) have developed a multiple pathway model of the relapse prevention process based on self-regulation theory. Although this model continues to be empirically validated on sexual offenders (J. A. Bickley &amp; A. R. Beech, 2002; T. Ward, S. M. Hudson, &amp; J. C. McCormick, 1999), there has been no empirical research regarding the application of this theory to intellectually disabled sexual offenders. This paper discusses whether the characteristics of offenders in each of the relapse offence pathways, as described by T. Ward and S. M. Hudson (2000a), may be similar to the characteristics of intellectually disabled sexual offenders. From a review of the literature, it appears that the intellectually disabled sexual offender may be most likely to offend via the approach-automatic pathway or the avoidantpassive pathway. The potential treatment implications of the self-regulation model for intellectually disabled sexual offenders is discussed, as well as the need for empirical evaluation with regards to the application of this model to the intellectually disabled sexual offender population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/107906320501700405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,27]],"date-time":"2008-02-27T19:40:23Z","timestamp":1204141223000},"page":"407-423","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Relapse Prevention with Intellectually Disabled Sexual Offenders"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jenny A.","family":"Keeling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Birmingham,\rBirmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John L.","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Birmingham,\rBirmingham, United Kingdom,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"atypb1","volume":"8","author":"Andrews, D.A.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Forum on Corrections Research"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Cognitive strategies for special education: Process-based instruction","author":"Ashman, A.","year":"1989"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory","author":"Bandura, A.","year":"1986"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327965pli0701_1"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260502017004002"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107906320301500203"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"Paper presented at the 1995 Conference on National Sex Offender Strategy","author":"Boer, D.P."},{"key":"atypb8","volume-title":"The Assessment and Treatment of Intellectually Disabled Sex Offenders: The Regional Psychiatric Centre (Pacific) \"Northstar\" Treatment and Relapse Prevention Program","author":"Boer, D.P.","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-5887-2"},{"key":"atypb10","unstructured":"Carver, C.S. & Scheier, M.F. 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