{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:48:19Z","timestamp":1777934899317,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,4]],"date-time":"2014-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391472000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>National statistics on the incidence of rape play an important role in the work of policymakers and academics. The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) have provided some of the most widely used and influential statistics on the incidence of rape across the United States over the past 80 years. The definition of rape used by UCR changed in 2012 to include substantially more types of sexual assault. This article draws on 20 years of data from the National Incident-Based Reporting System to describe the impact this definitional change will have on estimates of the incidence of rape and trends over time. Drawing on time series as well as panel random effects methodologies, we show that 40% of sexual assaults have been excluded by the prior definition and that the magnitude of this error has grown over time. However, the overall trend in rape over time (year-to-year change) was not substantially different when comparing events meeting the prior definition and the subgroups of sexual assault that will now be counted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063214521470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,5]],"date-time":"2014-02-05T22:35:41Z","timestamp":1391639741000},"page":"443-459","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Measurement Matters"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"David M.","family":"Bierie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Marshals Service, Alexandria, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Davis-Siegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Seal Beach, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1079063214521470","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0011128713498330"},{"key":"bibr2-1079063214521470","volume-title":"The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS): 2010 Summary report","author":"Black M. C.","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr3-1079063214521470","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007583007317"},{"key":"bibr4-1079063214521470","unstructured":"Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2004). Uniform Crime Reporting handbook. Retrieved from http:\/\/www2.fbi.gov\/ucr\/handbook\/ucrhandbook04.pdf"},{"key":"bibr5-1079063214521470","unstructured":"Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2011a). Crime in the United States: By volume and rate per 100,000 residents. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.fbi.gov\/about-us\/cjis\/ucr\/crime-in-the-u.s\/2011\/crime-in-the-u.s.2011\/tables\/table-1"},{"key":"bibr6-1079063214521470","unstructured":"Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2011b). Uniform crime reporting statistics: Their proper use. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.fbi.gov\/about-us\/cjis\/ucr\/ucr-statistics-their-proper-use"},{"key":"bibr7-1079063214521470","volume-title":"Sexual offenses and offenders: An analysis of data on rape and sexual assault","author":"Greenfield L.","year":"1997"},{"key":"bibr8-1079063214521470","unstructured":"Howden L., Meyer J. (2011). Age and sex composition: 2010 Census briefs. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.census.gov\/prod\/cen2010\/briefs\/c2010br-03.pdf"},{"key":"bibr9-1079063214521470","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007518620521"},{"key":"bibr10-1079063214521470","unstructured":"Poggio E., Kennedy S., Chaiken J., Carlson K. (1985). Blueprint for the future of the Uniform Crime Reporting program (NCJ 98348). Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.ncjrs.gov\/pdffiles1\/bjs\/98348.pdf"},{"key":"bibr11-1079063214521470","unstructured":"Terkel A. (2012, January 6). Eric Holder expands FBI\u2019s narrow, outdated definition of rape. Huffington Post. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/2012\/01\/06\/eric-holder-fbi-rape_n_1189145.html"},{"key":"bibr12-1079063214521470","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Justice. (2012, January 6). Attorney General Eric Holder announces revisions to the Uniform Crime Report\u2019s definition of rape. Justice News. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.justice.gov\/opa\/pr\/2012\/January\/12-ag-018.html"}],"container-title":["Sexual Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1079063214521470","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1079063214521470","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1079063214521470","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T02:36:50Z","timestamp":1777689410000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1079063214521470"}},"subtitle":["Comparing Old and New Definitions of Rape in Federal Statistical Reporting"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,4]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1079063214521470"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1079063214521470","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-0632","1573-286X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-0632","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-286X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,4]]}}}