{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T03:50:21Z","timestamp":1779162621125,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,18]],"date-time":"2018-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1526601600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005289","name":"National Institute for Justice","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2013-AW-BX-0153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013-AW-BX-0153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Developed with the goal of preventing recidivism, contemporary sex offender supervision models focus on collaboration between probation officers and therapists. This exploratory study used focus groups to examine the working relationships between probation officers and therapists from two large U.S. urban probation departments. Overall, both probation officers and therapists were quite positive about their working relationships; they valued each others\u2019 roles and agreed that regular, accurate, and timely communication occurred frequently. Not all relationships, however, were effective. Several probation officers and therapists expressed dissatisfaction with poor communication, conflicts between the goals of therapy and probation, a lack of resources, and deficits in the policies they needed to adequately implement components of their supervision model (the containment model). Our findings suggest ways to structure sexual offender supervision that integrate the distinct orientations of probation officers and therapists into a collaboration that promotes public safety and work well for all.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063218775970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,2]],"date-time":"2018-11-02T05:09:32Z","timestamp":1541135372000},"page":"607-631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Sex Offender Supervision: Communication, Training, and Mutual Respect Are Necessary for Effective Collaboration Between Probation Officers and Therapists"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Nicholas P.","family":"Newstrom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Miner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Hoefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. Karl","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatrice \u201cBean\u201d E.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1079063218775970","volume-title":"The psychology of criminal conduct","author":"Andrews D. A.","year":"2006","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr2-1079063218775970","unstructured":"Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers. (2014). ATSA practice guidelines and professional code of ethics. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.atsa.com\/ATSAmemberDocs\/2014_ATSA_Practice_Guidelines.pdf"},{"key":"bibr3-1079063218775970","unstructured":"Broderick B. A. (2012). Maricopa county adult probation FY2012 annual report. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.superiorcourt.maricopa.gov\/adultprobation\/docs\/2012AnnualReport.pdf"},{"key":"bibr4-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(90)90256-R"},{"key":"bibr5-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07418829300091921"},{"key":"bibr6-1079063218775970","volume-title":"Supervision of the sex offender: Community management, risk assessment, and treatment","author":"Cumming G.","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr7-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021315030967"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr8-1079063218775970","first-page":"12","volume":"6","author":"Day A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sexual Abuse in Australia and New Zealand"},{"key":"bibr9-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-8971.4.1-2.218"},{"key":"bibr10-1079063218775970","unstructured":"English K. (2003). The containment approach to managing sex offenders. Seton Hall Law Review, 34, 1255-1272. Retrieved from http:\/\/heinonline.org\/HOL\/Page?handle=hein.journals\/shlr34&div=41&g_sent=1&collection=journals"},{"key":"bibr11-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2416-5_30"},{"key":"bibr12-1079063218775970","volume-title":"Managing adult sex offenders: A containment approach","author":"English K.","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr13-1079063218775970","volume-title":"Managing adult sex offenders in the community: A containment approach","author":"English K.","year":"1997"},{"key":"bibr14-1079063218775970","volume-title":"Doing grounded theory: Issues and discussions","author":"Glaser B. G.","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr15-1079063218775970","volume-title":"A five-level risk and needs system: Maximizing assessment results in corrections through the development of a common language","author":"Hanson R. K.","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr16-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063215574710"},{"key":"bibr17-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063211409951"},{"key":"bibr18-1079063218775970","first-page":"27","volume-title":"DCLP occasional papers: Sexual offenders","author":"Hogue T. E.","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr19-1079063218775970","volume-title":"Focus groups: A practical guide for applied research","author":"Krueger R. A.","year":"2015","edition":"5"},{"key":"bibr20-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14999013.2014.974087"},{"key":"bibr21-1079063218775970","volume-title":"Promoting evidence integration in sex offender management: Implementation of the Sex Offender Treatment Intervention and Progress Scale (SOTIPS)","author":"Maricopa County Adult Probation Department","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr22-1079063218775970","volume-title":"Current practices and emerging trends in sexual abuser management: The Safer Society 2009 North American Survey","author":"McGrath R. J.","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr23-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107906320201400104"},{"key":"bibr24-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854898025002004"},{"key":"bibr25-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063211432475"},{"key":"bibr26-1079063218775970","unstructured":"Miner M. (2007). Is this any way to develop policy? Sex Offender Treatment, 2(1). Retrieved from http:\/\/www.sexual-offender-treatment.org\/index.php?id=54&typ"},{"key":"bibr27-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10509674.2016.1218401"},{"key":"bibr28-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.09050670"},{"key":"bibr29-1079063218775970","volume-title":"Promoting evidence integration in sex offender management: Implementation of the Sex Offender Treatment Intervention and Progress Scale (SOTIPS)","author":"New York City Department of Probation","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr30-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2011.02.002"},{"key":"bibr31-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854804267093"},{"key":"bibr32-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10720160008400219"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr33-1079063218775970","first-page":"22","volume":"4","author":"Ware J.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sexual Abuse in Australia and New Zealand"},{"key":"bibr34-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854815607306"},{"key":"bibr35-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2004.02.005"},{"key":"bibr36-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.57.6.875"},{"key":"bibr37-1079063218775970","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3138\/cjcrim.42.2.177","volume":"42","author":"Wilson R. J.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Criminology"}],"container-title":["Sexual Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1079063218775970","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1079063218775970","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1079063218775970","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T02:37:58Z","timestamp":1777689478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1079063218775970"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,18]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1079063218775970"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1079063218775970","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-0632","1573-286X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-0632","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-286X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,18]]}}}