{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:48:34Z","timestamp":1777934914813,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,7]],"date-time":"2018-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536278400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the United States, certain laws restrict those convicted of sexually offending from accessing social spaces where youth congregate such as parks and playgrounds. However, empirical work to date has rarely described sexual assaults in these locations or tested the assumptions of these laws explicitly. To address these gaps in the literature, we drew on the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) to analyze offender, victim, and crime characteristics of sexual assaults that occurred at parks and playgrounds over a 5-year period (2010-2015). Estimated via multivariate logistic regression, results showed support for these law\u2019s assumptions when analyzing this particular location. However, stranger perpetrators were significantly more likely to sexually assault adult victims versus youth victims. Several other offense features distinguished youth versus adult victim sexual assault incidents at parks and playgrounds, such as the offender age, the use of force, and the injuries sustained by the victim. Collectively, these findings both support and challenge these types of social space restriction laws.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063218797712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,2]],"date-time":"2018-11-02T05:58:24Z","timestamp":1541138304000},"page":"580-606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Parks, Playgrounds, and Incidents of Sexual Assault"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Kristen M.","family":"Budd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Mancini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Bierie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Marshals Service, Alexandria, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.52.6.1161"},{"key":"bibr2-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2004.12.003"},{"key":"bibr3-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-007-9101-3"},{"key":"bibr4-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13552600.2015.1100760"},{"key":"bibr5-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-2352(00)00068-4"},{"key":"bibr6-1079063218797712","unstructured":"Broward County Sex Offender Task Force. (2009). Broward sexual offender & sexual predator residence task force report. Retrieved from http:\/\/miamiherald.typepad.com\/files\/broward-task-force-draft-report.pdf"},{"key":"bibr7-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/law0000083"},{"key":"bibr8-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063217706708"},{"key":"bibr9-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01924036.2014.973047"},{"key":"bibr10-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/law0000027"},{"key":"bibr11-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022155003633"},{"key":"bibr12-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2007.06.004"},{"key":"bibr13-1079063218797712","author":"Center for Sex Offender Management (CSOM)","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fact sheet: What you need to know about sex offenders"},{"key":"bibr14-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063209340143"},{"key":"bibr15-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3818\/JRP.11.2009.27"},{"key":"bibr16-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2011.04.002"},{"key":"bibr17-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10509670903196066"},{"key":"bibr18-1079063218797712","volume-title":"Impact evaluation of a Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) program","author":"Crandall C.","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr19-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13552600601069414"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr20-1079063218797712","first-page":"133","volume":"19","author":"Crompton J. L.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Park and Recreation Administration"},{"key":"bibr21-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X17723639"},{"key":"bibr22-1079063218797712","volume-title":"The seasonality of crime victimization","author":"Dodge R. W.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr23-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2016.02.029"},{"key":"bibr24-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Field S. (1992). The effect of temperature on crime. The British Journal of Criminology, 32, 340-351. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/23637533","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bjc.a048222"},{"key":"bibr25-1079063218797712","volume-title":"Sexually assaulted children: National estimates and characteristics","author":"Finkelhor D.","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr26-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/car.2449"},{"key":"bibr27-1079063218797712","first-page":"245","volume-title":"The handbook of research synthesis","author":"Fleiss J. L.","year":"1994"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr28-1079063218797712","first-page":"19","volume":"43","author":"Frost J. L.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Young Children"},{"key":"bibr29-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2004.03.019"},{"key":"bibr30-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/law0000135"},{"key":"bibr31-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2017.01.011"},{"key":"bibr32-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4009(84)90038-X"},{"key":"bibr33-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2014.05.003"},{"key":"bibr34-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/sof.2004.0074"},{"key":"bibr35-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0096144208319648"},{"key":"bibr36-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07418820802119976"},{"key":"bibr37-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-7368(90)73310-5"},{"key":"bibr38-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0887403416660150"},{"key":"bibr39-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10511253.2017.1372496"},{"key":"bibr40-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2014.12.007"},{"key":"bibr41-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2011.588190"},{"key":"bibr42-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107906328800100207"},{"key":"bibr43-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/e532152006-001"},{"key":"bibr44-1079063218797712","volume-title":"Victimizations not reported to the police, 2006-2010","author":"Langton L.","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr45-1079063218797712","volume-title":"Seasonal patterns in criminal victimization trends","author":"Lauritsen J. L.","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr46-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2010.04.038"},{"key":"bibr47-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063214535814"},{"key":"bibr48-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0887403413512326"},{"key":"bibr49-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-2415.2007.00119.x"},{"key":"bibr50-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X04271304"},{"key":"bibr51-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/9780826196729.0009"},{"key":"bibr52-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X15573946"},{"key":"bibr53-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01944360903418338"},{"key":"bibr54-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2010.07.004"},{"key":"bibr55-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2010.03.003"},{"key":"bibr56-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.140.7.883"},{"key":"bibr57-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2008.01.007"},{"key":"bibr58-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15564886.2015.1084962"},{"key":"bibr59-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0011128712449230"},{"key":"bibr60-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118314876.ch25"},{"key":"bibr61-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412984805"},{"key":"bibr62-1079063218797712","volume-title":"Female victims of sexual violence","author":"Planty M.","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr63-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prescott J. J., Rockoff J. E. (2008, February). Do sex offender registration and notification laws affect criminal behavior? (NBER Working Paper Series, Working Paper No. 13803). Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.","DOI":"10.3386\/w13803"},{"key":"bibr64-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01639620490431147"},{"key":"bibr65-1079063218797712","volume-title":"Fear of crime: Incivility and the production of a social problem","author":"Salem G. W.","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr66-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0013881"},{"key":"bibr67-1079063218797712","volume-title":"Juvenile offender and victims: 2014 national report","author":"Sickmund M.","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr68-1079063218797712","volume-title":"Child sexual abuse in Queensland: Offender characteristics and modus operandi","author":"Smallbone S. W.","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr69-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1745-9133.12071"},{"key":"bibr70-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063217720925"},{"key":"bibr71-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10790"},{"key":"bibr72-1079063218797712","first-page":"331","volume-title":"Journal of Law and Health","volume":"19","author":"Troia M.","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr73-1079063218797712","volume-title":"National Crime Victimization Survey, 2010","author":"Truman J. I.","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr74-1079063218797712","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063214544333"}],"container-title":["Sexual Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1079063218797712","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1079063218797712","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1079063218797712","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T02:38:04Z","timestamp":1777689484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1079063218797712"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,7]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1079063218797712"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1079063218797712","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-0632","1573-286X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-0632","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-286X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,7]]}}}