{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:48:46Z","timestamp":1777934926425,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591920000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The increased accessibility and use of pornography in Western society highlights the emergent need to understand the relationship between its use and sexual coercion. Decades of research have demonstrated a consistent relationship between pornography use and engaging in sexually aggressive behavior, although what drives this relationship remains largely unexplained. Researchers have recently presented potential explanations for these relationships, such as the use of violent pornography types, the development of aberrant sexual scripts, and the frequency of pornography use. This study seeks to contribute to the explanation by examining the potential mediating effects of sexual arousal on the relationship between pornography use frequency and willingness to engage in verbal and illegal sexual coercive behaviors by examining a sample of male and female college adults. This population reports some of the highest rates of pornography use. The sample of 745 college students were exposed to either an exotic video presentation or a criminal justice lecture, and provided a dating scenario and sexual arousal assessments. Results indicated those young adults that consume pornography more frequently were more likely to experience higher levels of sexual arousal to the erotic video than those who reported little or no use. However, after controlling for several variables significantly related to sexual coercion, arousal did not mediate willingness to engage in verbal or illegal sexual coercive behaviors. Other significant results and implications are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063220931823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,13]],"date-time":"2020-06-13T01:26:19Z","timestamp":1592011579000},"page":"552-578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Pornography Use and Sexual Coercion: Examining the Mediation Effect of Sexual Arousal"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8600-6336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ethan","family":"Marshall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeff A.","family":"Bouffard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iowa State University, Ames, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Holly","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdm.501"},{"key":"bibr2-1079063220931823","volume-title":"STOP SV: A technical package to prevent sexual violence","author":"Basile K. C.","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr3-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118619179"},{"key":"bibr4-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-2352(01)00130-1"},{"key":"bibr5-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0735648X.2011.554745"},{"key":"bibr6-1079063220931823","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Affect and cognition in criminal decision making","author":"Bouffard J. A.","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr7-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260513515950"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr8-1079063220931823","first-page":"26","volume":"6","author":"Brosi M. W.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oracle: The Research Journal of the Association of Fraternity\/Sorority Advisors"},{"key":"bibr9-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-3938.2010.01077.x"},{"key":"bibr10-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOFV.0000042078.55308.4d"},{"key":"bibr11-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carrol J. S., Padilla-Walker L. M., Nelson L. J., Olson C. D., Barry C. M., Madsen S. D. (2008). Generation XXX: Pornography acceptance and use among emerging adults. Journal of Adolescent Research, 23, 6\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0743558407306348","DOI":"10.1177\/0743558407306348"},{"key":"bibr12-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032789"},{"key":"bibr13-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260506290428"},{"key":"bibr14-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdm.520"},{"key":"bibr15-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Foubert J. D., Bridges A. J. (2017a). Predicting bystander efficacy and willingness to intervene in college men and women: The role of exposure to varying levels of violence in pornography. Violence Against Women, 23(6), 692\u2013706. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1077801216648793","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801216648793"},{"key":"bibr16-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Foubert J. D., Bridges A. J. (2017b). What is the attraction? Pornography use motives in relation to bystander intervention. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(20), 3071\u20133089. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260515596538","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260515596538"},{"key":"bibr17-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10720162.2011.625552"},{"key":"bibr18-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854812456527"},{"key":"bibr19-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonsalves V. M., Hodges H., Scalora M. J. (2015). Exploring the use of online sexually explicit material: What is the relationship to sexual coercion? Sexual Addiction and Compulsivity, 22, 207\u2013221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10720162.2015.1039150","DOI":"10.1080\/10720162.2015.1039150"},{"key":"bibr20-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022427893030001002"},{"key":"bibr21-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hald G. M., Malamuth N. N. (2015). Experimental effects of exposure to pornography: The moderating effect of personality and mediating effect of sexual arousal. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 44(1), 99\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10508-014-0291-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-014-0291-5"},{"key":"bibr22-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hald G. M., Malamuth N. N., Lange T. (2013). Pornography and sexist attitudes among heterosexuals. Journal of Communication, 63(4), 638\u2013660. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcom.12037","DOI":"10.1111\/jcom.12037"},{"key":"bibr23-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harris A. J., Terry K. J., Ackerman A. R. (2019). Campus sexual assault: Forging an action-focused research agenda. Sexual Abuse, 31(3), 263\u2013269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1079063218800471","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063218800471"},{"key":"bibr24-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118"},{"key":"bibr25-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kernsmith P. D., Kernsmith R. M. (2009). Female pornography use and sexual coercion perpetration. Deviant Behavior, 30, 589\u2013610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01639620802589798","DOI":"10.1080\/01639620802589798"},{"key":"bibr26-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2013.781026"},{"key":"bibr27-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kingston D. A., Fedoroff P., Firestone P., Curry S., Bradford J. M. (2008). Pornography use and sexual aggression: The impact of frequency and type of pornography use on recidivism among sexual offenders. Aggressive Behavior, 34(4), 341\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ab.20250","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20250"},{"key":"bibr28-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kingston D. A., Malamuth N. M., Fedoroff P., Marshall W. L. (2009). The importance of individual differences in pornography use: Theoretical perspectives and implications for treating sexual offenders. Journal of Sex Research, 46(2\u20133), 216\u2013232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00224490902747701","DOI":"10.1080\/00224490902747701"},{"key":"bibr29-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6402.2007.00385.x"},{"key":"bibr30-1079063220931823","unstructured":"Krebs C., Lindquist C., Berzofksy M., Shook-Sa B., Peterson K., Planty M. Stroop J. (2016). Campus climate survey validation study final technical report. Department of Justice. http:\/\/www.bjs.gov\/content\/pub\/pdf\/ccsvsftr.pdf"},{"key":"bibr31-1079063220931823","volume-title":"The social cost of pornography: A collection of papers","author":"Layden M. A.","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr32-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/obhd.1996.0028"},{"key":"bibr33-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022427897034004003"},{"key":"bibr34-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.68.4.704"},{"key":"bibr35-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malamuth N. M. (2018). \u201cAdding fuel to the fire?\u201d Does exposure to non-consenting adult or to child pornography increase risk of sexual aggression? Aggression and Violent Behavior, 41, 74\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avb.2018.02.013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2018.02.013"},{"key":"bibr36-1079063220931823","first-page":"26","volume":"11","author":"Malamuth N. M.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annual Review of Sex Research"},{"key":"bibr37-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malamuth N. M., Hald G. M., Koss M. (2012). Pornography, individual differences in risk and men\u2019s acceptance of violence against women in a representative sample. Sex Roles, 66, 427\u2013439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11199-011-0082-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-011-0082-6"},{"key":"bibr38-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.88.1.63"},{"key":"bibr39-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marshall E. A., Miller H. A., Bouffard J. A. (2017). Crossing the threshold from porn use to porn problem: Frequency and modality of porn use as predictors of sexually coercive behaviors. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. Advanced online publication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260517743549","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260517743549"},{"key":"bibr40-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marshall E. A., Miller H. A., Bouffard J. A. (2018). Bridging the theoretical gap: Using sexual script theory to explain the relationship between pornography use and sexual coercion. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. Advanced online publication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260518795170","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260518795170"},{"key":"bibr41-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0891243215612708"},{"key":"bibr42-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McMahon S., Wood L., Cusano J., Macri L. M. (2019). Campus sexual assault: Future directions for research. Sexual Abuse, 31(3), 270\u2013295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1079063217750864","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063217750864"},{"key":"bibr43-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0012649"},{"key":"bibr44-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801211424555"},{"key":"bibr45-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0030904"},{"key":"bibr46-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13552600.2016.1195892"},{"key":"bibr47-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tomaszewska P., Krahe B. (2018). Predictors of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration among polish university students: A longitudinal study. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 47(2), 493\u2013505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/10508-016-0823-2","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-016-0823-2"},{"key":"bibr48-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20172"},{"key":"bibr49-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wright P. J., Tokunaga R. S., Kraus A. (2016). A meta-analysis of pornography consumption and actual acts of sexual aggression in general population studies. Journal of Communication, 66(1), 183\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcom.12201","DOI":"10.1111\/jcom.12201"},{"key":"bibr50-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ybarra M. L., Mitchell K. J., Hamburger M., Diener-West M., Leaf P. J. (2011). X-rated material and perpetration of sexually aggressive behavior among children and adolescents: Is there a link? Aggressive Behavior, 37(1), 1\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ab.20367","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20367"},{"key":"bibr51-1079063220931823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoder V. C., Virdin T. B.III, Amin K. (2005). Internet pornography and loneliness: An association? Sexual Addition and Compulsivity, 12, 19\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10720160590933653","DOI":"10.1080\/10720160590933653"}],"container-title":["Sexual Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1079063220931823","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1079063220931823","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1079063220931823","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T02:38:32Z","timestamp":1777689512000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1079063220931823"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1079063220931823"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1079063220931823","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-0632","1573-286X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-0632","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-286X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]}}}