{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:12:57Z","timestamp":1785456777945,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,2]],"date-time":"2021-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the past decade, there has been an increase in child sexual exploitation material (CSEM) offenses and convictions. Although research shows that individuals with CSEM offence histories generally are at low risk of reoffending, certain factors do increase in CSEM convictions, in order to assist with case prioritization, management and supervision, risk assessment is helpful across agencies. The Child Pornography Offender Risk Tool (CPORT) was created specifically for this population and shows significant predictive validity for various outcomes. This study aimed to validate the use of the CPORT in a Scottish sample of 141 adult males who were convicted of CSEM offenses. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and logistic regression analyses indicated that the CPORT significantly predicted any recidivism (Area Under the Curve = .81), any sexual recidivism (AUC = .78) and CSEM recidivism (AUC = .74), suggesting that it is a valid risk assessment tool for Scottish populations. Recommendations for further research and clinical implications are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10790632211047190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T09:04:56Z","timestamp":1633338296000},"page":"568-596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Predicting Risk of Reoffending in Persons with Child Sexual Exploitation Material Offense Histories: The Use of Child Pornography Offender Risk Tool in a Scottish Population"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0018-3818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Savoie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ethel","family":"Quayle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK"},{"name":"Forensic Network, The State Hospitals Board for Scotland, Carstairs, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"O\u2019Rourke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, The State Hospitals Board for Scotland, Carstairs, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-014-0270-x"},{"key":"bibr2-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/1016-9040\/a000326"},{"key":"bibr3-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063210384274"},{"key":"bibr4-10790632211047190","unstructured":"Bentley H., Fellowes A., Glenister S., Mussen N., Ruschen H., Slater B. (2020). How safe are our children? An overview of data on adolescent abuse. Retrieved from https:\/\/learning.nspcc.org.uk\/media\/2287\/how-safe-are-our-children-2020.pdf."},{"key":"bibr5-10790632211047190","volume-title":"Predicting recidivism among an adult male child sexual abuse imagery offender population with the child pornography offender risk tool short version (CPORT-SV): A New Zealand validation study.","author":"Black C.","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr6-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063219871572"},{"key":"bibr7-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.6.4.284"},{"key":"bibr8-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diin.2017.12.003"},{"key":"bibr9-10790632211047190","unstructured":"Effect size calculator (2021). January, 18)Retrieved from https:\/\/www.campbellcollaboration.org\/escalc\/html\/EffectSizeCalculator-SMD1.php."},{"key":"bibr10-10790632211047190","volume-title":"Scoring guide for the child pornography offender risk tool (CPORT): Version 2","author":"Eke A. W.","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr11-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063218762434"},{"key":"bibr12-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10979-010-9252-2"},{"key":"bibr13-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/lhb0000328"},{"key":"bibr14-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-9-43"},{"key":"bibr15-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JCP-05-2017-0022"},{"key":"bibr16-10790632211047190","volume-title":"Terminology guidelines for the protection of children from sexual exploitation and sexual abuse","author":"Greijer S.","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr17-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063211411309"},{"key":"bibr18-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854816683956"},{"key":"bibr19-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.66.2.348"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr20-10790632211047190","first-page":"155","volume":"47","author":"Hirschtritt ME","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law"},{"key":"bibr21-10790632211047190","unstructured":"IBM Corp (2016). IBM SPSS statistics for windows: IBM Corp [Computer software]. (Version 24.0)."},{"key":"bibr22-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310"},{"key":"bibr23-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/law0000069"},{"key":"bibr24-10790632211047190","volume-title":"Rapid Evidence Assessment: Characteristics and vulnerabilities of victims of online-facilitated child sexual abuse and exploitation","author":"May-Chahal C.","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr25-10790632211047190","unstructured":"Pilon A. J. M. (2016). The predictive validity of general and offence-specific risk assessment tools for child pornography offenders\u2019 reoffending. [Unpublished master\u2019s thesis. Univeristy of Saskatchewan]."},{"key":"bibr26-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0145935X.2015.1092840"},{"key":"bibr27-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10979-005-6832-7"},{"key":"bibr28-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10979-006-9022-3"},{"key":"bibr29-10790632211047190","volume-title":"Literature review: A review of the risk posed by internet offenders","author":"Risk Management Authority Scotland","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr30-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.2400"},{"key":"bibr31-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/lhb0000128"},{"key":"bibr32-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/lhb0000240"},{"key":"bibr33-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063210369013"},{"key":"bibr34-10790632211047190","first-page":"1","author":"Soldino V.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"bibr35-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsidi.2020.300971"},{"key":"bibr36-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0032258X0107400202"},{"key":"bibr37-10790632211047190","unstructured":"Thornton D. (2010). Scoring guide for risk matrix 2000. Unpublished document. 10\/SVC."},{"key":"bibr38-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07308.x"},{"key":"bibr39-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.06.017"},{"key":"bibr40-10790632211047190","unstructured":"Wager N., Armitage R., Christmann K., Gallagher B., Ioannou M., Parkinson S., Reeves C., Rogerson M., Synnott J. (2018). RAPID Evidence Assessment\u202f: Quantifying The Extent Of Online-Facilitated Child Sexual ABUSE\u202f: Report for the Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse. HuddersfieldThe Extent Of Online Facilitated Child Sexual Abuse.pdf. Evidence Assessment Quantifying."},{"key":"bibr41-10790632211047190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063210375974"}],"container-title":["Sexual Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10790632211047190","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10790632211047190","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10790632211047190","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T02:38:52Z","timestamp":1777689532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10790632211047190"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,2]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10790632211047190"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10790632211047190","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-0632","1573-286X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-0632","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-286X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,2]]}}}