{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T18:49:37Z","timestamp":1789757377013,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]],"date-time":"2021-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635292800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Studentship ES\/P00072X\/1 (Ref: 2117875)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Studentship ES\/P00072X\/1 (Ref: 2117875)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>University-based sexual aggression is an international public health issue; however, to date, there have been no formal assessments of the prevalence or psychological indicators associated with the proabuse behaviors of the most common perpetrators at UK universities: heterosexual male students. To facilitate the development of effective primary prevention interventions for domestic students who have sexually harmed, we assess across two empirical studies ( Ns = 259 and 295) the psychological risk factors associated with recent sexual aggression amongst two distinct samples of UK male university students. Cumulatively, results highlighted that one in nine participants (11.4%) self-reported recent sexual aggression. These participants could be statistically differentiated from their non-offending peers on various established indicators of general sexual offending, of which logistic regression analyses highlighted atypical sexual fantasies, general aggression, hostility toward women, and rape myth acceptance as being the most reliable predictors. Our data extend the international evidence base by providing the first detailed overview of sexual aggression amongst UK male university students, as well as the psychological risk factors associated with their proabuse behaviors. We discuss the importance of our findings for the development of more effective evidence-based reduction strategies and primary prevention interventions for male students who have sexually harmed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10790632211051682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]],"date-time":"2021-10-27T04:12:11Z","timestamp":1635307931000},"page":"744-770","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Understanding Sexual Aggression in UK Male University Students: An Empirical Assessment of Prevalence and Psychological Risk Factors"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6140-3917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel T.","family":"Hales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kent, Canterbury, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5810-4158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theresa A.","family":"Gannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kent, Canterbury, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsas.2002.s14.118"},{"key":"bibr2-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.72.5.747"},{"key":"bibr3-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626001016008004"},{"key":"bibr4-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2017.1330296"},{"key":"bibr5-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Report of the AAU Campus Climate Survey on sexual assault and misconduct","author":"Association of American Universities","year":"2019"},{"key":"bibr6-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2011.08.002"},{"key":"bibr7-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/wxj54"},{"key":"bibr8-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Employees, advisees, and emerging scholars: A qualitative analysis of graduate students\u2019 roles and experiences of sexual violence and sexual harassment on college campusesSexuality & Culture","author":"Bloom B. E.","year":"2021"},{"key":"bibr9-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2020.1757681"},{"key":"bibr10-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801209335491"},{"key":"bibr11-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jrpe.2000.2302"},{"key":"bibr12-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.658179"},{"key":"bibr13-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.7.3.309"},{"key":"bibr14-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.53.2.189"},{"key":"bibr15-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5559\/di.29.3.05"},{"key":"bibr16-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032789"},{"key":"bibr17-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027506289723"},{"key":"bibr18-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Sexual violence on campus: Strategies for prevention","author":"Dills J.","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr19-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10734-008-9172-y"},{"key":"bibr20-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X99434006"},{"key":"bibr21-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315545899"},{"key":"bibr22-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801211409727"},{"key":"bibr23-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1524-9220.8.2.79"},{"key":"bibr24-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/106082659500400105"},{"key":"bibr25-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224498709551337"},{"key":"bibr26-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.66.2.348"},{"key":"bibr27-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.73.6.1154"},{"key":"bibr28-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Higher Education Student Statistics: UK, 2017\/18 survey","author":"Higher Education Statistics Agency","year":"2019"},{"key":"bibr29-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1043659609360712"},{"key":"bibr30-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0886-6708.VV-D-15-00110"},{"key":"bibr31-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Overview and analysis of research studies on gender-based violence among UK university students and staff","author":"Jones C.","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr32-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-015-9529-3"},{"key":"bibr33-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6402.2007.00385.x"},{"key":"bibr34-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626093008001007"},{"key":"bibr35-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.21482"},{"key":"bibr36-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2014.07.005"},{"key":"bibr37-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.68.4.704"},{"key":"bibr38-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.21960"},{"key":"bibr39-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063212455669"},{"key":"bibr40-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063210366039"},{"key":"bibr41-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14681990903550191"},{"key":"bibr42-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10683169708410811"},{"key":"bibr43-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-0915-2_15"},{"key":"bibr44-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260505276834"},{"key":"bibr45-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/swr\/35.2.71"},{"key":"bibr46-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801215622575"},{"key":"bibr47-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2017.1295014"},{"key":"bibr48-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-007-9225-1"},{"key":"bibr49-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Hidden marks","author":"National Union of Students","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr50-10790632211051682","volume-title":"The prevalence of sexual interest in children and sexually harmful behavior self-reported by men recruited through an online crowdsourcing platformSexual Abuse","author":"\u00d3 Ciardha C.","year":"2021"},{"key":"bibr51-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Predictors of campus sexual violence perpetration: A systematic review of research, sampling, and study designAggression and Violent behavior","author":"O\u2019Connor J.","year":"2021"},{"key":"bibr52-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Sexual offending: Victimisation and the path through the criminal justice system","author":"Office for National Statistics","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr53-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbef.2017.12.004"},{"key":"bibr54-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Correlates of incoming male college students\u2019 proclivity to perpetrate sexual assaultViolence against Women","author":"Palmer J. E.","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr55-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Assessing self-deception and impression management in self-reports: The Balanced Inventory of desirable responding","author":"Paulhus D. L.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr56-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(96)00236-3"},{"key":"bibr57-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2017.01.006"},{"key":"bibr58-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3765448"},{"key":"bibr59-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.11.014"},{"key":"bibr60-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540253.2011.628928"},{"key":"bibr61-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/men0000032"},{"key":"bibr62-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.59.5.643"},{"key":"bibr63-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.93.2.216"},{"key":"bibr64-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Sexual violence at universities","author":"Revolt Sexual Assault","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr65-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10979-005-6832-7"},{"key":"bibr66-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224545.2013.801826"},{"key":"bibr67-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Conceiving the self","author":"Rosenberg M.","year":"1979"},{"key":"bibr68-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2017.09.028"},{"key":"bibr69-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063218793632"},{"key":"bibr70-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0019700"},{"key":"bibr71-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Gender-based violence, stalking and fear of crime","author":"Stenning P.","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr72-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801211398230"},{"key":"bibr73-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Using multivariate statistics","author":"Tabachnick B. G.","year":"2013","edition":"6"},{"key":"bibr74-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838012470031"},{"key":"bibr75-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2015.08.015"},{"key":"bibr76-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0030624"},{"key":"bibr77-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Lower rape myth acceptance in those seeing and engaging in a modified red flag campaign. in a university campus [Manuscript submitted for publication]","author":"Thomson S.","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr78-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-016-0823-2"},{"key":"bibr79-10790632211051682","volume-title":"Changing the culture\u2014Tackling gender-based violence, harassment and hate crime: Two years on","author":"Universities, UK","year":"2019"},{"key":"bibr80-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14640749408401131"},{"key":"bibr81-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J012v11n03_02"},{"key":"bibr82-10790632211051682","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2005.05.002"}],"container-title":["Sexual Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10790632211051682","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10790632211051682","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10790632211051682","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T02:38:53Z","timestamp":1777689533000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10790632211051682"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10790632211051682"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10790632211051682","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-0632","1573-286X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-0632","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-286X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]]}}}