{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T12:02:41Z","timestamp":1789732961126,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]],"date-time":"2025-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]],"date-time":"2025-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744502400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Rutherford Discovery Fellowship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Recent research has highlighted the importance of protective factors in preventing sexual offense recidivism and led to the development of a number of strengths-based approaches to the treatment of adult males who have been convicted of sexual offenses. However, these approaches have not been supported by structured methods to assess protective factors. The Structured Assessment of PROtective Factors against Sexual Offending (SAPROF-SO) was designed to bridge the gap between assessment and strengths-based treatment, and the current study contributes to the validation of that instrument. The SAPROF-SO was rated retrospectively for adult males released on supervised release from a secure treatment center in the US (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 170). SAPROF-SO total scores predicted supervised release success as measured by revocation outcomes. In addition, results highlighted the utility of the SAPROF-SO Resilience subscale in predicting supervised release revocation for any reason and the Adaptive Sexuality subscale in predicting sexually related revocations. Notably, the SAPROF-SO demonstrated incremental validity over the Static-99R, which was not predictive of revocation outcomes. Implications for the management of sexual offense risk when planning and administering release from criminal justice contexts are discussed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10790632251328958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]],"date-time":"2025-04-13T08:08:16Z","timestamp":1744531696000},"page":"759-786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Predictive Validity of the SAPROF-SO for Success on Supervised Release From a Secure Treatment Center"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2480-337X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela E.","family":"Carr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon M.","family":"Kelley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sand Ridge Secure Treatment Center, Madison WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9827-3397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gwenda M.","family":"Willis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0127-1104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Assessment, Training, &amp; Research (FAsTR), LLC, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/law0000364"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation","volume":"6","author":"Bonta J.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bonta J., Andrews D. A. (2007). Risk-need-responsivity model for offender assessment and rehabilitation. Rehabilitation, 6(1), 1\u201322.","journal-title":"Rehabilitation"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","volume-title":"The Psychology of criminal conduct","author":"Bonta J.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bonta J., Andrews D. A. (2017). The Psychology of criminal conduct (6th ed.). Routledge.","edition":"6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063219871572"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","volume-title":"Improving risk management for violence in mental health services: A multi-methods approach","author":"Coid J. W.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Coid J. W., Ullrich S., Kallis C., Freestone M., Gonzalez R., Bui L., Bebbington P. (2016). Construction and validation of new static risk assessment instruments. In Improving risk management for violence in mental health services: A multi-methods approach. NIHR Journals Library."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","volume-title":"The collaborative outcome data committee\u2019s guidelines for the evaluation of sexual offender treatment outcome research: Part 2: CODC guidelines","author":"Collaborative Outcome Data Committee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Collaborative Outcome Data Committee. (2007). The collaborative outcome data committee\u2019s guidelines for the evaluation of sexual offender treatment outcome research: Part 2: CODC guidelines. Public Safety Canada. https:\/\/www.publicsafety.gc.ca\/cnt\/rsrcs\/pblctns\/sxl-ffndr-trtmnt\/index-en.aspx"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","volume-title":"English version","author":"de Vogel V.","year":"2009","unstructured":"de Vogel V., de Ruiter C., Bouman Y., de Vries Robb\u00e9 M. S. (2009). Guidelines for the assessment of protective factors for violence risk. In English version. Forum Educatief."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063214547582"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","volume-title":"Sex offending against children: Understanding the risk","author":"Grubin D.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Grubin D. (1998). Sex offending against children: Understanding the risk (Vol. 99): Home Office, Policing and Reducing Crime Unit, Research, Development and Statistics Directorate."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","volume-title":"The development of a brief actuarial risk scale for sexual offense recidivism, 1997-04","author":"Hanson R. K.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hanson R. K. (1997). The development of a brief actuarial risk scale for sexual offense recidivism, 1997-04. Public Works and Government Services Canada, (Cat. No. JS4-1\/1997-4E). https:\/\/www.publicsafety.gc.ca\/cnt\/rsrcs\/pblctns\/dvlpmnt-brf-ctrl\/index-en.aspx"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000371"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854809338545"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260514526062"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/law0000135"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","volume-title":"Assessing the risk of sexual offenders on community supervision: The Dynamic Supervision Project","author":"Hanson R. K.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hanson R. K., Harris A. J., Scott T. L., Helmus L. (2007). Assessing the risk of sexual offenders on community supervision: The Dynamic Supervision Project (Vol. 5): Public Safety Canada."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","volume-title":"Dynamic predictors of sexual recidivism (User Report 1998-01)","author":"Hanson R. K.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hanson R. K., Harris A. J. R. (1998). Dynamic predictors of sexual recidivism (User Report 1998-01): Department of the Solicitor General of Canada. https:\/\/www.ps-sp.gc.ca\/res\/cor\/rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854800027001002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10790632221139166"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.73.6.1154"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","volume-title":"Static 99: Improving actuarial risk assessments for sex offenders","author":"Hanson R. K.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hanson R. K., Thornton D. (1999). Static 99: Improving actuarial risk assessments for sex offenders: Solicitor General Canada. https:\/\/www.publicsafety.gc.ca\/cnt\/rsrcs\/pblctns\/sttc-mprvng-actrl\/index-en.aspx"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","volume-title":"Notes on the development of static-2002 2003-01","author":"Hanson R. K.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hanson R. K., Thornton D. (2003). Notes on the development of static-2002 2003-01. Public Works and Government Services Canada. https:\/\/www.publicsafety.gc.ca\/cnt\/rsrcs\/pblctns\/nts-dvlpmnt-sttc\/index-en.aspx"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/law0000351"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063211409951"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Combining Static-99R and STABLE-2007 risk categories: An evaluation of the five-level system for risk communication","volume":"14","author":"Hogan N. R.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hogan N. R., Sribney C. L. (2019). Combining Static-99R and STABLE-2007 risk categories: An evaluation of the five-level system for risk communication. Sexual Offender Treatment, 14(1), 1\u201314.","journal-title":"Sexual Offender Treatment"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13552600.2021.2020345"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2016.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","volume-title":"Desistance from sex offending: Alternatives to throwing away the keys","author":"Laws D. R.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Laws D. R., Ward T. (2011). Desistance from sex offending: Alternatives to throwing away the keys: Guilford Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X16668179"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1745-9133.12611"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063210366039"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470970270.ch7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JCP-04-2017-0021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","unstructured":"Mundt J. C. Subramanian L. Ambroziak G. Kahn R. E. Efferson1 L. M. Garza N. E. (in press). Recidivism characteristics of individuals discharged or dismissed from civil commitments as sexually violent Persons in Wisconsin. Psychology Public Policy and Law."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10790632221098354"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000538"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.19.3.318"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.2288"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10979-005-6832-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/206622031000200205"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","unstructured":"Serin R. C. Mailloux D. L. Wilson N. J. (2007). The dynamic risk assessment for offender re-entry (DRAOR). Unpublished user manual."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","unstructured":"Thornton D. (2007). Scoring guide for the risk Matrix 2000.9\/SVC: February 2007 version. Unpublished manuscript. https:\/\/www.birmingham.ac.uk\/documents\/college-les\/psych\/rm2000scoringinstructions.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/24732850.2020.1735248"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7028.34.4.353"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063208318005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854809332874"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854820941039"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_1","article-title":"The structured assessment of protective factors for violence risk \u2013 sexual offense version (SAPROF-SO)","author":"Willis G. M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Willis G. M., Thornton D., Kelley S. M., de Vries Robb\u00e9 M. (2017\u20132020). The structured assessment of protective factors for violence risk \u2013 sexual offense version (SAPROF-SO). Pilot manual.","journal-title":"Pilot manual"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_1","article-title":"The structured assessment of protective factors for violence risk \u2013 sexual offense version (SAPROF-SO)","author":"Willis G. M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Willis G. M., Thornton D., Kelley S. M., de Vries Robb\u00e9 M. (2021). The structured assessment of protective factors for violence risk \u2013 sexual offense version (SAPROF-SO). Version 1 \u2013 Actuarial Scoring Manual.","journal-title":"Version 1 \u2013 Actuarial Scoring Manual"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119166504.ch8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X16664379"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470317082"}],"container-title":["Sexual Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10790632251328958","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10790632251328958","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10790632251328958","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T02:39:42Z","timestamp":1777689582000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10790632251328958"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10790632251328958"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10790632251328958","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-0632","1573-286X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-0632","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-286X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]]}}}